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Neanderthals and their potential for religious practices is a fascinating topic in the study of early human history. While there is evidence to suggest that Neanderthals may have engaged in ritualistic behavior, it is not definitively proven that they had religion in the same way modern humans understand it.

Archaeological findings, such as the burial sites of Neanderthals, indicate that they might have had some form of ritualistic or symbolic behavior. For example, some Neanderthal graves contain tools, animal bones, and even flowers, which could suggest a belief in an afterlife or some form of spiritual practice. However, the interpretation of these findings is still debated among scholars.

In contrast, early Homo sapiens (modern humans) have more concrete evidence of religious practices, such as cave paintings, sculptures, and other artifacts that clearly indicate symbolic thinking and ritualistic behavior.