etc.
'EEE',
(e) 'Imagine a dictionary with the structure student_id:[student_major, student_cgpa]. Assume majors are represented by strings like 'CoE',
for
all
students
Now define a function avg_cgpa_by_major that takes such a dictionary and a string for major as inputs and returns the average cgpa
with that major.
Sample input/Output:
In_1 = {41251:['CoE',2.5],42509:['EEE',3.1],4 41713:['CoE',1.9],41101:['CoE',2.7]}
print(avg_cgpa_by_major(In_1,"CoE"))

Question

Accepted Answer

```python # define a function called avg_cgpa_by_major def avg_cgpa_by_major(student_dict, major): # initialize total_cgpa and count to calculate average total_cgpa = 0 count = 0 # iterate over the dictionary items for student_id, info in student_dict.items(): # check if the major matches the input major if info[0] == major: # add the cgpa to total_cgpa total_cgpa += info[1] # increment the count count += 1 # calculate the average cgpa if count is not zero average_cgpa = total_cgpa / count if count else 0 # return the average cgpa return average_cgpa ``` ```python # main function that tests avg_cgpa_by_major function def main(): # test the avg_cgpa_by_major function # use case 1 In_1 = {41251: ['CoE', 2.5], 42509: ['EEE', 3.1], 41713: ['CoE', 1.9], 41101: ['CoE', 2.7]} assert avg_cgpa_by_major(In_1, "CoE") == 2.3666666666666667 # use case 2 In_2 = {41251: ['CoE', 3.0], 42509: ['EEE', 3.5], 41713: ['CoE', 2.0], 41101: ['EEE', 2.5]} assert avg_cgpa_by_major(In_2, "EEE") == 3.0 # call the main function if __name__ == "__main__": main() ``` ∻Explanation∻ ⚹The code defines a function `avg_cgpa_by_major` that calculates the average CGPA for a given major from a dictionary of student IDs to majors and CGPAs. It then tests this function with two use cases.⚹ ∻Step-by-step Instruction∻ ‖ ▪ ⋮ Define the function `avg_cgpa_by_major` that takes a dictionary and a major as inputs. ‖ ‖ ▪ ⋮ Initialize variables to sum CGPAs and count students with the given major. ‖ ‖ ▪ ⋮ Iterate over the dictionary, summing CGPAs and counting students if the major matches. ‖ ‖ ▪ ⋮ Calculate the average CGPA by dividing the total CGPA by the count of students. ‖ ‖ ▪ ⋮ Return the average CGPA, ensuring to handle division by zero if no students have the given major. ‖ ‖ ▪ ⋮ Define the main function to test `avg_cgpa_by_major` with specific use cases. ‖ ‖ ▪ ⋮ Use assertions to verify that the function returns the correct average CGPA for each test case. ‖ ∻Time Complexity∻ ⚹The time complexity is O(n), where n is the number of entries in the dictionary, because the function iterates through each entry once.⚹ ∻Space Complexity∻ ⚹The space complexity is O(1), as the function uses a fixed amount of additional space regardless of the input size.⚹

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