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15240672380's Question
Chemistry
Posted 4 months ago

Question 11
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Question 12
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5-ethyl-2-decanol
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Answer from Sia
Posted 4 months ago
Solution
1
Determine the main carbon chain: The name "5-ethyl-2-decanol" indicates a main carbon chain of 10 carbon atoms (decan-) with an alcohol group (-ol)
2
Identify substituents and their positions: The name also indicates an ethyl group (ethyl-) at the 5th carbon and an alcohol group (OH) at the 2nd carbon
3
Complete the structure: Place the ethyl group at the 5th carbon and the OH group at the 2nd carbon. The remaining CH3 groups fill the other blank spaces on the main chain
11 Answer
The complete structure for 5-ethyl-2-decanol is CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-CH(CH2-CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3.
Key Concept
Organic compound naming follows the IUPAC system, which provides information about the structure.
Explanation
The name "5-ethyl-2-decanol" tells us the length of the carbon chain, the position of the substituents, and the functional groups present.
1
Identify the main carbon chain and functional group: The name "3,3-dimethylpentanal" indicates a main carbon chain of 5 carbon atoms (pent-) with an aldehyde group (-anal)
2
Identify substituents and their positions: The name also indicates two methyl groups (dimethyl-) at the 3rd carbon
3
Complete the structure: Place the two CH3 groups at the 3rd carbon. The remaining CH2 groups fill the other blank spaces on the main chain, and the aldehyde group (C=O) is at the end of the chain
12 Answer
The complete structure for 3,3-dimethylpentanal is CH3-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-CHO.
Key Concept
Aldehydes have a carbonyl group (C=O) at the end of the carbon chain.
Explanation
The name "3,3-dimethylpentanal" indicates a pentane chain with an aldehyde group at the end and two methyl groups on the third carbon.

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