ACCT6010

0）先把“考试规则/评分逻辑”背熟（不然复习会跑偏）

• 闭卷 + hurdle：期末占 55%，卷面 ≥45% 才及格。[1]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf我们遵循(你也应遵循)的双层规则 Standard AASB-mandated mechanics (the control test, the acquisition method, the worksheet journals, the NCI memorandum) are stated plainly because they are public, examinable procedure drawn from the standards and Arthur et al. Every worked example uses our own invented entities (Harbour Ltd, Quay Ltd and friends) and our own figures - never the lecturer's datasets. Do the same in your own work: cite the AASB paragraph for the rule, reference the unit for any distinctive framing. AASB 强制规定的标准机制(控制测试、购买法、工作底稿分录、NCI 备查表)都被平实地陈述,因为它们是取自准则 及 Arthur 等人著作的公开、可考的程序。每个 工作例题都使用我们自创的实体(Harbour Ltd、Quay Ltd 等)和我们 自己的数字 -- 绝不用讲师的数据集。在你自己的作业中也照此办理:为规则引用 AASB 条款,为任何独特的表述方 式引用本课程。 ! Read this before anything else 在做其他任何事之前先读这一段 This is an independent study companion. It is not affiliated with or endorsed by the University of Sydney. Standards follow the AASB (current at time of writing) and public sources; the unit's own assessment weights, due dates and exam rules can shift between cohorts - always verify against your live Canvas and unit outline before you submit or sit the exam. Corrections and takedowns: takedowns@asksia. ai. 这是一本 独立学习辅助资料。它不隶属于悉尼大学,也未获其背书。准则依据 AASB(截至撰写时现行)及公开来源; 本课程自身的评估权重、截止日期和考试规则可能在不同届次间变动 -- 在提交作业或参加考试前,请务必对照你实时 的 Canvas 和课程大纲核实。更正与撤下事宜:takedowns@asksia. ai。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups THE BLUEPRINT - THE EXAM BLUEPRINT EXAM 55% . HURDLE Where every mark lives 每一分都落在何处 More than half your grade is one closed-book exam - and it is a hurdle 你成绩的一半以上来自一场闭卷考试 -- 而且是及格门槛 Your unit mark comes from four pieces, but one dominates: a 55% final exam that is closed book and a hurdle - you must score at least 45% in the exam itself to pass the unit, no matter how strong your other marks. The quizzes and exam give you no Excel templates; you draft the consolidation worksheet journals by hand. That single fact dictates the whole revision strategy. 你的单元成绩来自四个部分,但其中一个占主导:一场占55%的期末考试,闭卷且为及格门槛 -- 无论你其他分数多高,你 都必须在考试本身中至少取得45%才能通过本单元。测验与考试不提供 Excel 模板;你要手写合并工作底稿分录。这一事实 本身就决定了整个复习策略。 55% FINAL EXAM 期末考试 45% EXAM HURDLE - MUST BEAT 考试门槛 -- 必须超过 IN-LECTURE QUIZZES 课堂随堂测验 Wk 11 CASE STUDY DUE 案例研究截止 The four assessment pieces 四项考核内容 Component Group? Weight Final examination - closed book, hand-drafted, whole unit[14]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 1 OF 2 . Acquisition -> Worksheet Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% SIDE 1/2 . BUILD 0 . How to Use This READ FIRST * The final exam is 55%, CLOSED BOOK, and a hurdle - score ≥45% in the exam itself or you fail the unit, whatever your other marks. Rest: tutorial participation 15% (9% group presentation + 6% weekly), group case study 20% (=Wk 11), four in-lecture quizzes 10% (Wks 5, 7, 9, 11). Permitted in the exam: an unannotated CAANZ Financial Reporting Handbook + ONE double-sided HAND-WRITTEN A4 . Printed standards are banned; no Excel templates - you draft every worksheet journal by hand. So treat this as the master you distil onto your own handwritten A4: it is the formula + journal bank for the whole unit. Side 1 = build the consolidation; side 2 = eliminate & the breadth topics. Tutorial/quiz questions are "adapted from past exams" - your best exam proxy. SIA > The whole unit is cumulative and done by hand - every later topic re-uses the worksheet spine. Drill the journals until the layout is automatic; confirm the permitted- materials rule in your current unit outline. 1 . Control . Consolidate? C1 . AASB 10 Control [AASB 10. 6-7] = all THREE: (a) power over the investee (current ability to direct the relevant activities), (b) exposure to variable returns (+/-, not just dividends), (c) the link - ability to use power to affect returns. No % in the definition. Control is substance over form: de facto control can exist below 50%; a majority can fail if rights are non-substantive. · Substantive rights - holder has the practical ability to exercise (no barriers) => count · Protective rights - apply only on default/fundamental change = never confer power · Potential voting rights (options/convertibles) count only if substantive - currently exercisable & not deeply out-of-the-money · Agent vs principal - a trustee acting for others does not control Who consolidates: a parent prepares consolidated financial statements (CFS). Exemption [10. 4]: a wholly/partly-owned sub whose debt isn't publicly traded & whose ultimate parent files IFRS CFS. DISCLOSURE AASB 12 - significant judgements in determining control [. 7], info on subs & NCI [. 10], unconsolidated structured entities [. 24]. AASB 124 - parent & sub are related parties [. 9]: disclose the relationship, ultimate parent, & related-party transactions. SIA - Classic trap: a 60% holder who has directed activities for years still controls even if another party holds options - if those options are out-of-the-money they are not substantive. Re-test substantiveness at the reporting date.
• 不提供 Excel / 不给模板：你要手写 consolidation worksheet journals。[1]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf我们遵循(你也应遵循)的双层规则 Standard AASB-mandated mechanics (the control test, the acquisition method, the worksheet journals, the NCI memorandum) are stated plainly because they are public, examinable procedure drawn from the standards and Arthur et al. Every worked example uses our own invented entities (Harbour Ltd, Quay Ltd and friends) and our own figures - never the lecturer's datasets. Do the same in your own work: cite the AASB paragraph for the rule, reference the unit for any distinctive framing. AASB 强制规定的标准机制(控制测试、购买法、工作底稿分录、NCI 备查表)都被平实地陈述,因为它们是取自准则 及 Arthur 等人著作的公开、可考的程序。每个 工作例题都使用我们自创的实体(Harbour Ltd、Quay Ltd 等)和我们 自己的数字 -- 绝不用讲师的数据集。在你自己的作业中也照此办理:为规则引用 AASB 条款,为任何独特的表述方 式引用本课程。 ! Read this before anything else 在做其他任何事之前先读这一段 This is an independent study companion. It is not affiliated with or endorsed by the University of Sydney. Standards follow the AASB (current at time of writing) and public sources; the unit's own assessment weights, due dates and exam rules can shift between cohorts - always verify against your live Canvas and unit outline before you submit or sit the exam. Corrections and takedowns: takedowns@asksia. ai. 这是一本 独立学习辅助资料。它不隶属于悉尼大学,也未获其背书。准则依据 AASB(截至撰写时现行)及公开来源; 本课程自身的评估权重、截止日期和考试规则可能在不同届次间变动 -- 在提交作业或参加考试前,请务必对照你实时 的 Canvas 和课程大纲核实。更正与撤下事宜:takedowns@asksia. ai。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups THE BLUEPRINT - THE EXAM BLUEPRINT EXAM 55% . HURDLE Where every mark lives 每一分都落在何处 More than half your grade is one closed-book exam - and it is a hurdle 你成绩的一半以上来自一场闭卷考试 -- 而且是及格门槛 Your unit mark comes from four pieces, but one dominates: a 55% final exam that is closed book and a hurdle - you must score at least 45% in the exam itself to pass the unit, no matter how strong your other marks. The quizzes and exam give you no Excel templates; you draft the consolidation worksheet journals by hand. That single fact dictates the whole revision strategy. 你的单元成绩来自四个部分,但其中一个占主导:一场占55%的期末考试,闭卷且为及格门槛 -- 无论你其他分数多高,你 都必须在考试本身中至少取得45%才能通过本单元。测验与考试不提供 Excel 模板;你要手写合并工作底稿分录。这一事实 本身就决定了整个复习策略。 55% FINAL EXAM 期末考试 45% EXAM HURDLE - MUST BEAT 考试门槛 -- 必须超过 IN-LECTURE QUIZZES 课堂随堂测验 Wk 11 CASE STUDY DUE 案例研究截止 The four assessment pieces 四项考核内容 Component Group? Weight Final examination - closed book, hand-drafted, whole unit[3]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdfIndividual 55% Group case study - applied Group 20% consolidation case, due ~Wk 11 Tutorial participation - group presentation Group 9% Tutorial participation - individual engagement Individual 6% Lecture quizzes - 4 in-lecture tests (Wk 5/7/9/11) Individual 10% The exam materials rule - honestly 考试材料规则 -- 实话实说 Permitted in the exam Banned Unannotated hard-copy CAANZ Financial Reporting Handbook Any annotation in the Handbook One double-sided handwritten A4 of notes Printouts of accounting standards A non-programmable calculator Excel / any worksheet template Tutorial participation is 15% total (9% group presentation + 6% individual). The four lecture quizzes run live in the Tuesday lecture - no Excel templates, unlike tutorials - and some questions are adapted from past exams, so they are the best exam proxy you get. 辅导课参与共占15%(9% 小组展示+6% 个人)。四次讲 座测验在周二讲座现场进行 -- 与辅导课不同,不提供 Excel 模板 -- 且部分题目改编自往年试卷,因此它们是你 能得到的最佳考试替身。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups ★ The killer hook 致命要点 The exam is hand-drafted consolidation worksheet journals - no templates given. You will be handed a parent's and subsidiary's figures and asked to produce the acquisition analysis, the BCVR entries, the pre-acquisition elimination, the intra-group eliminations and the NCI allocation, on paper, in order. The Handbook gives you the words of the standard; it will not draft the journal. That is what you master - and distil onto your own A4. 考试为 手写合并工作底稿分录 -- 不提供模板。你 会拿到一家母公司和一家子公司的数据,被要求在纸 上按顺序作出购买分析、BCVR 分录、购买日抵销分 录、集团内部抵销以及 NCI 分摊。手册给你准则的 文 字;它不会替你写出分录。那是 你 要掌握的 -- 并 凝练到你自己的那张A4上。[14]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 1 OF 2 . Acquisition -> Worksheet Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% SIDE 1/2 . BUILD 0 . How to Use This READ FIRST * The final exam is 55%, CLOSED BOOK, and a hurdle - score ≥45% in the exam itself or you fail the unit, whatever your other marks. Rest: tutorial participation 15% (9% group presentation + 6% weekly), group case study 20% (=Wk 11), four in-lecture quizzes 10% (Wks 5, 7, 9, 11). Permitted in the exam: an unannotated CAANZ Financial Reporting Handbook + ONE double-sided HAND-WRITTEN A4 . Printed standards are banned; no Excel templates - you draft every worksheet journal by hand. So treat this as the master you distil onto your own handwritten A4: it is the formula + journal bank for the whole unit. Side 1 = build the consolidation; side 2 = eliminate & the breadth topics. Tutorial/quiz questions are "adapted from past exams" - your best exam proxy. SIA > The whole unit is cumulative and done by hand - every later topic re-uses the worksheet spine. Drill the journals until the layout is automatic; confirm the permitted- materials rule in your current unit outline. 1 . Control . Consolidate? C1 . AASB 10 Control [AASB 10. 6-7] = all THREE: (a) power over the investee (current ability to direct the relevant activities), (b) exposure to variable returns (+/-, not just dividends), (c) the link - ability to use power to affect returns. No % in the definition. Control is substance over form: de facto control can exist below 50%; a majority can fail if rights are non-substantive. · Substantive rights - holder has the practical ability to exercise (no barriers) => count · Protective rights - apply only on default/fundamental change = never confer power · Potential voting rights (options/convertibles) count only if substantive - currently exercisable & not deeply out-of-the-money · Agent vs principal - a trustee acting for others does not control Who consolidates: a parent prepares consolidated financial statements (CFS). Exemption [10. 4]: a wholly/partly-owned sub whose debt isn't publicly traded & whose ultimate parent files IFRS CFS. DISCLOSURE AASB 12 - significant judgements in determining control [. 7], info on subs & NCI [. 10], unconsolidated structured entities [. 24]. AASB 124 - parent & sub are related parties [. 9]: disclose the relationship, ultimate parent, & related-party transactions. SIA - Classic trap: a 60% holder who has directed activities for years still controls even if another party holds options - if those options are out-of-the-money they are not substantive. Re-test substantiveness at the reporting date.
• 允许带入：未做批注的 CAANZ Financial Reporting Handbook + 一张双面手写 A4；禁止打印准则、禁止模板。[3]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdfIndividual 55% Group case study - applied Group 20% consolidation case, due ~Wk 11 Tutorial participation - group presentation Group 9% Tutorial participation - individual engagement Individual 6% Lecture quizzes - 4 in-lecture tests (Wk 5/7/9/11) Individual 10% The exam materials rule - honestly 考试材料规则 -- 实话实说 Permitted in the exam Banned Unannotated hard-copy CAANZ Financial Reporting Handbook Any annotation in the Handbook One double-sided handwritten A4 of notes Printouts of accounting standards A non-programmable calculator Excel / any worksheet template Tutorial participation is 15% total (9% group presentation + 6% individual). The four lecture quizzes run live in the Tuesday lecture - no Excel templates, unlike tutorials - and some questions are adapted from past exams, so they are the best exam proxy you get. 辅导课参与共占15%(9% 小组展示+6% 个人)。四次讲 座测验在周二讲座现场进行 -- 与辅导课不同,不提供 Excel 模板 -- 且部分题目改编自往年试卷,因此它们是你 能得到的最佳考试替身。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups ★ The killer hook 致命要点 The exam is hand-drafted consolidation worksheet journals - no templates given. You will be handed a parent's and subsidiary's figures and asked to produce the acquisition analysis, the BCVR entries, the pre-acquisition elimination, the intra-group eliminations and the NCI allocation, on paper, in order. The Handbook gives you the words of the standard; it will not draft the journal. That is what you master - and distil onto your own A4. 考试为 手写合并工作底稿分录 -- 不提供模板。你 会拿到一家母公司和一家子公司的数据,被要求在纸 上按顺序作出购买分析、BCVR 分录、购买日抵销分 录、集团内部抵销以及 NCI 分摊。手册给你准则的 文 字;它不会替你写出分录。那是 你 要掌握的 -- 并 凝练到你自己的那张A4上。[14]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 1 OF 2 . Acquisition -> Worksheet Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% SIDE 1/2 . BUILD 0 . How to Use This READ FIRST * The final exam is 55%, CLOSED BOOK, and a hurdle - score ≥45% in the exam itself or you fail the unit, whatever your other marks. Rest: tutorial participation 15% (9% group presentation + 6% weekly), group case study 20% (=Wk 11), four in-lecture quizzes 10% (Wks 5, 7, 9, 11). Permitted in the exam: an unannotated CAANZ Financial Reporting Handbook + ONE double-sided HAND-WRITTEN A4 . Printed standards are banned; no Excel templates - you draft every worksheet journal by hand. So treat this as the master you distil onto your own handwritten A4: it is the formula + journal bank for the whole unit. Side 1 = build the consolidation; side 2 = eliminate & the breadth topics. Tutorial/quiz questions are "adapted from past exams" - your best exam proxy. SIA > The whole unit is cumulative and done by hand - every later topic re-uses the worksheet spine. Drill the journals until the layout is automatic; confirm the permitted- materials rule in your current unit outline. 1 . Control . Consolidate? C1 . AASB 10 Control [AASB 10. 6-7] = all THREE: (a) power over the investee (current ability to direct the relevant activities), (b) exposure to variable returns (+/-, not just dividends), (c) the link - ability to use power to affect returns. No % in the definition. Control is substance over form: de facto control can exist below 50%; a majority can fail if rights are non-substantive. · Substantive rights - holder has the practical ability to exercise (no barriers) => count · Protective rights - apply only on default/fundamental change = never confer power · Potential voting rights (options/convertibles) count only if substantive - currently exercisable & not deeply out-of-the-money · Agent vs principal - a trustee acting for others does not control Who consolidates: a parent prepares consolidated financial statements (CFS). Exemption [10. 4]: a wholly/partly-owned sub whose debt isn't publicly traded & whose ultimate parent files IFRS CFS. DISCLOSURE AASB 12 - significant judgements in determining control [. 7], info on subs & NCI [. 10], unconsolidated structured entities [. 24]. AASB 124 - parent & sub are related parties [. 9]: disclose the relationship, ultimate parent, & related-party transactions. SIA - Classic trap: a 60% holder who has directed activities for years still controls even if another party holds options - if those options are out-of-the-money they are not substantive. Re-test substantiveness at the reporting date.

• 分数沿着固定 5 步主线走：
  1. Acquisition analysis（购买分析/算 goodwill）
  2. BCVR + tax（FVA 公允价值调整 + 递延税）
  3. Pre-acquisition elimination（购买日抵销）
  4. Intra-group + tax（集团内部抵销 + 税）
  5. NCI allocation（NCI 三步备查/分摊）[12]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf- 本题库使用说明。这里的每个情景、实体和金额都是 原创的 -- 没有一个取自任何讲师数据集、辅导课或往年试卷。真实考 试为 闭卷且设有及格门槛(≥45%),不提供 Excel 模板 -- 你要在纸上手写分录。先盖住答案,写出分录,再对照步骤批 改。 55% FINAL EXAM . HURDLE 期末考试 · 门槛 ≥45% MIN EXAM MARK TO PASS 及格所需的最低考试分 0 EXCEL TEMPLATES GIVEN 提供 Excel 模板 30% TAX RATE THROUGHOUT 全程适用税率 ★ How consolidation answers are marked - and how to be fast 合并答案如何评分 -- 以及如何提速 Marks follow the 5-step spine: acquisition analysis - BCVR + tax - pre-acq elimination - intra-group + tax - NCI. Each correct Dr/Cr line and its tax leg scores. Hand-drafting drill: rule a narrow Dr/Cr column, write account names abbreviated (ITE, DTL, ORE), and always pair the tax line immediately so you never forget it. Label each entry (BCVR / pre-acq / intra) so the marker can follow even if a number slips. 分数沿 5 步主线:购买分析→BCVR+税→购买日抵销→集团内部交易+税→ NCI。每一条 正确的借 /贷行 及其 税腿 都得分。手写演练:划一窄窄的借/贷列,把科目名写成缩写(ITE、DTL、ORE),并 始终立即配上税行,这样你 永远不会忘。给每笔分录标签(BCVR/购买日抵销/集团内部),即便某个数字出错,阅卷人也能跟上。 Q1 GOODWILL CALC consideration + NCI - FVINA . 6 marks On 1 Jul 20X4 Kestrel Ltd acquired 80% of Tidewater Ltd for $4,200 cash. Tidewater's equity: Share capital $3,000, Retained earnings $1,500. Its land had a fair value $500 above carrying amount; all else at FV. Tax 30%. The NCI's fair value is $1,020. Compute goodwill under (a) partial and (b) full goodwill methods. ($000) 20×4 年7月1日,Kestrel Ltd 以 $4,200 现金收购了 Tidewater Ltd 的 80% 股权。Tidewater 的权益为:股本 $3,000,留存收益 $1,500。其土地的公允价值高于账面金额 $500;其余均按公允价值列示。税率 30%。NCI的公允 价值为 $1,020。请分别按(a)部分 商誉法和(b)完全 商誉法计算商誉。($000) - WORKED SOLUTION FVINA at acquisition $000 Goodwill (a) Partial (b) Full Share capital 3,000 Consideration 4,200 4,200 Retained earnings 1,500[10]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf2. 6 合并工作底稿 -- 先逐项相加,再抵销 Consolidation happens on a worksheet, never in anyone's general ledger. Two governing principles AASB 10. B86 run the whole unit: 合并在工作底稿上进行,绝不在任何人的总分类账中进行。两条统领原则 AASB 10. B86 贯穿整个单元: ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups § Principle 1 - entries never touch the ledgers 原则1 -- 分录绝不触及分类账 Consolidation journals live only in the consolidation worksheet. The parent's and subsidiary's own books are untouched - each remains a stand-alone legal entity that files its own accounts. 合并分录 仅 存在于合并工作底稿中。母公司和子公司 各自的账簿原封不动 -- 各自仍是独立的法律实体, 分别报送自己的账目。 § Principle 2 - nothing carries forward 原则2 -- 任何项目都不结转 The worksheet is a temporary record, rebuilt from scratch each reporting period. So every adjustment that hit a prior period's profit must, in later years, be re-routed to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE) instead of the original P&L line. This single idea recurs in FVA depreciation, intra-group profit and equity accounting. 工作底稿是一份 临时 记录,每个报告期都从头重建。 因此凡是影响过 往 期利润的每项调整,在后续年份都 必须改计入 期初留存收益(ORE),而非原来的P&L 行。这一单一思想会在公允价值调整折旧、集团内部 利润和权益法核算中反复出现。 The worksheet is a five-column grid - Account | Parent | Subsidiary | Adjustments Dr | Adjustments Cr | Consolidated - with every P&L then every balance-sheet line as a row. The consolidated column = Parent + Subsidiary + Dr - Cr. 工作底稿是一个五列网格 -- 科目 | 母公司 | 子公司 | 调整借方 |调整贷方 | 合并 -- 以每一项 P&L 再每一项资产负债表项目 为一行。合并列= 母公司+子公司+借一贷。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups WS The two moves, in order The spine of every consolidation question Move 1 - add across. Combine the parent's and the subsidiary's figures line-by-line, taking 100% of the subsidiary even when it is partly owned. 动作1 -- 逐项相加。把母公司与子公司的数字逐行合并,即便子公司是部分持股,也取子公司的100%。 Move 2 - eliminate & adjust. Post the consolidation adjustments in their fixed order, each cross-referenced in the Dr/Cr columns: 动作2 -- 抵销与调整。按其固定顺序登记合并调整,每笔在借/贷列中交叉标注: 1 Acquisition analysis - compute goodwill (Ch 3). 购买分析 -- 计算商誉(第3章)。 2 Fair-value adjustments (BCVR) + tax - restate the sub's net assets to acquisition-date FV. 公允价值调整(BCVR)+税 -- 把子公司的净资产重述为购买日公允价值。 3 Pre-acquisition elimination - offset the parent's investment against its share of the sub's pre- acquisition equity, book goodwill. 购买日抵销分录 -- 把母公司的 投资 与其应享子公司 购买日权益 的份额相抵销;确认商誉。 4 Intra-group eliminations - remove internal sales, profits, dividends, loans (+ tax). 集团内部抵销 -- 剔除内部销售、利润、股利、贷款(+税)。 5 NCI allocation - split equity and profit into parent interest and NCI (memorandum). NCI 分摊 -- 把权益和利润拆分为母公司权益与 NCI(备查表)。 Read the consolidated column straight off the worksheet - it is the consolidated financial statements. Order matters: BCVR is posted before the pre-acquisition elimination, because the FVA reserve must exist before it can be eliminated. 直接从工作底稿上读取合并列→它就是合并财务报表。顺序至关重要:BCVR 要在购买日抵销之前登记,因为公允价值 调整储备必须先存在,才能被抵销。
• 每一条正确的 Dr/Cr 行 + 税腿（tax leg）都能拿分；所以要“像阅卷人能追踪的那种写法”：每笔分录标注标签（BCVR / pre-acq / intra），缩写科目（ITE、DTL、ORE），并且税行立刻配上，避免漏写。[12]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf- 本题库使用说明。这里的每个情景、实体和金额都是 原创的 -- 没有一个取自任何讲师数据集、辅导课或往年试卷。真实考 试为 闭卷且设有及格门槛(≥45%),不提供 Excel 模板 -- 你要在纸上手写分录。先盖住答案,写出分录,再对照步骤批 改。 55% FINAL EXAM . HURDLE 期末考试 · 门槛 ≥45% MIN EXAM MARK TO PASS 及格所需的最低考试分 0 EXCEL TEMPLATES GIVEN 提供 Excel 模板 30% TAX RATE THROUGHOUT 全程适用税率 ★ How consolidation answers are marked - and how to be fast 合并答案如何评分 -- 以及如何提速 Marks follow the 5-step spine: acquisition analysis - BCVR + tax - pre-acq elimination - intra-group + tax - NCI. Each correct Dr/Cr line and its tax leg scores. Hand-drafting drill: rule a narrow Dr/Cr column, write account names abbreviated (ITE, DTL, ORE), and always pair the tax line immediately so you never forget it. Label each entry (BCVR / pre-acq / intra) so the marker can follow even if a number slips. 分数沿 5 步主线:购买分析→BCVR+税→购买日抵销→集团内部交易+税→ NCI。每一条 正确的借 /贷行 及其 税腿 都得分。手写演练:划一窄窄的借/贷列,把科目名写成缩写(ITE、DTL、ORE),并 始终立即配上税行,这样你 永远不会忘。给每笔分录标签(BCVR/购买日抵销/集团内部),即便某个数字出错,阅卷人也能跟上。 Q1 GOODWILL CALC consideration + NCI - FVINA . 6 marks On 1 Jul 20X4 Kestrel Ltd acquired 80% of Tidewater Ltd for $4,200 cash. Tidewater's equity: Share capital $3,000, Retained earnings $1,500. Its land had a fair value $500 above carrying amount; all else at FV. Tax 30%. The NCI's fair value is $1,020. Compute goodwill under (a) partial and (b) full goodwill methods. ($000) 20×4 年7月1日,Kestrel Ltd 以 $4,200 现金收购了 Tidewater Ltd 的 80% 股权。Tidewater 的权益为:股本 $3,000,留存收益 $1,500。其土地的公允价值高于账面金额 $500;其余均按公允价值列示。税率 30%。NCI的公允 价值为 $1,020。请分别按(a)部分 商誉法和(b)完全 商誉法计算商誉。($000) - WORKED SOLUTION FVINA at acquisition $000 Goodwill (a) Partial (b) Full Share capital 3,000 Consideration 4,200 4,200 Retained earnings 1,500

1）整门课“最高频主线”（你必须练到闭眼都能写）

• 原则 1：合并分录只存在于工作底稿，不进母/子公司的总账（GL）。[10]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf2. 6 合并工作底稿 -- 先逐项相加,再抵销 Consolidation happens on a worksheet, never in anyone's general ledger. Two governing principles AASB 10. B86 run the whole unit: 合并在工作底稿上进行,绝不在任何人的总分类账中进行。两条统领原则 AASB 10. B86 贯穿整个单元: ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups § Principle 1 - entries never touch the ledgers 原则1 -- 分录绝不触及分类账 Consolidation journals live only in the consolidation worksheet. The parent's and subsidiary's own books are untouched - each remains a stand-alone legal entity that files its own accounts. 合并分录 仅 存在于合并工作底稿中。母公司和子公司 各自的账簿原封不动 -- 各自仍是独立的法律实体, 分别报送自己的账目。 § Principle 2 - nothing carries forward 原则2 -- 任何项目都不结转 The worksheet is a temporary record, rebuilt from scratch each reporting period. So every adjustment that hit a prior period's profit must, in later years, be re-routed to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE) instead of the original P&L line. This single idea recurs in FVA depreciation, intra-group profit and equity accounting. 工作底稿是一份 临时 记录,每个报告期都从头重建。 因此凡是影响过 往 期利润的每项调整,在后续年份都 必须改计入 期初留存收益(ORE),而非原来的P&L 行。这一单一思想会在公允价值调整折旧、集团内部 利润和权益法核算中反复出现。 The worksheet is a five-column grid - Account | Parent | Subsidiary | Adjustments Dr | Adjustments Cr | Consolidated - with every P&L then every balance-sheet line as a row. The consolidated column = Parent + Subsidiary + Dr - Cr. 工作底稿是一个五列网格 -- 科目 | 母公司 | 子公司 | 调整借方 |调整贷方 | 合并 -- 以每一项 P&L 再每一项资产负债表项目 为一行。合并列= 母公司+子公司+借一贷。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups WS The two moves, in order The spine of every consolidation question Move 1 - add across. Combine the parent's and the subsidiary's figures line-by-line, taking 100% of the subsidiary even when it is partly owned. 动作1 -- 逐项相加。把母公司与子公司的数字逐行合并,即便子公司是部分持股,也取子公司的100%。 Move 2 - eliminate & adjust. Post the consolidation adjustments in their fixed order, each cross-referenced in the Dr/Cr columns: 动作2 -- 抵销与调整。按其固定顺序登记合并调整,每笔在借/贷列中交叉标注: 1 Acquisition analysis - compute goodwill (Ch 3). 购买分析 -- 计算商誉(第3章)。 2 Fair-value adjustments (BCVR) + tax - restate the sub's net assets to acquisition-date FV. 公允价值调整(BCVR)+税 -- 把子公司的净资产重述为购买日公允价值。 3 Pre-acquisition elimination - offset the parent's investment against its share of the sub's pre- acquisition equity, book goodwill. 购买日抵销分录 -- 把母公司的 投资 与其应享子公司 购买日权益 的份额相抵销;确认商誉。 4 Intra-group eliminations - remove internal sales, profits, dividends, loans (+ tax). 集团内部抵销 -- 剔除内部销售、利润、股利、贷款(+税)。 5 NCI allocation - split equity and profit into parent interest and NCI (memorandum). NCI 分摊 -- 把权益和利润拆分为母公司权益与 NCI(备查表)。 Read the consolidated column straight off the worksheet - it is the consolidated financial statements. Order matters: BCVR is posted before the pre-acquisition elimination, because the FVA reserve must exist before it can be eliminated. 直接从工作底稿上读取合并列→它就是合并财务报表。顺序至关重要:BCVR 要在购买日抵销之前登记,因为公允价值 调整储备必须先存在,才能被抵销。
• 原则 2：工作底稿不结转（nothing carries forward）：每个报告期都从头重建；凡是影响过往期利润的调整，在后续年份要改计入期初留存收益 ORE，而不是继续打在原 P&L 科目上。[10]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf2. 6 合并工作底稿 -- 先逐项相加,再抵销 Consolidation happens on a worksheet, never in anyone's general ledger. Two governing principles AASB 10. B86 run the whole unit: 合并在工作底稿上进行,绝不在任何人的总分类账中进行。两条统领原则 AASB 10. B86 贯穿整个单元: ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups § Principle 1 - entries never touch the ledgers 原则1 -- 分录绝不触及分类账 Consolidation journals live only in the consolidation worksheet. The parent's and subsidiary's own books are untouched - each remains a stand-alone legal entity that files its own accounts. 合并分录 仅 存在于合并工作底稿中。母公司和子公司 各自的账簿原封不动 -- 各自仍是独立的法律实体, 分别报送自己的账目。 § Principle 2 - nothing carries forward 原则2 -- 任何项目都不结转 The worksheet is a temporary record, rebuilt from scratch each reporting period. So every adjustment that hit a prior period's profit must, in later years, be re-routed to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE) instead of the original P&L line. This single idea recurs in FVA depreciation, intra-group profit and equity accounting. 工作底稿是一份 临时 记录,每个报告期都从头重建。 因此凡是影响过 往 期利润的每项调整,在后续年份都 必须改计入 期初留存收益(ORE),而非原来的P&L 行。这一单一思想会在公允价值调整折旧、集团内部 利润和权益法核算中反复出现。 The worksheet is a five-column grid - Account | Parent | Subsidiary | Adjustments Dr | Adjustments Cr | Consolidated - with every P&L then every balance-sheet line as a row. The consolidated column = Parent + Subsidiary + Dr - Cr. 工作底稿是一个五列网格 -- 科目 | 母公司 | 子公司 | 调整借方 |调整贷方 | 合并 -- 以每一项 P&L 再每一项资产负债表项目 为一行。合并列= 母公司+子公司+借一贷。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups WS The two moves, in order The spine of every consolidation question Move 1 - add across. Combine the parent's and the subsidiary's figures line-by-line, taking 100% of the subsidiary even when it is partly owned. 动作1 -- 逐项相加。把母公司与子公司的数字逐行合并,即便子公司是部分持股,也取子公司的100%。 Move 2 - eliminate & adjust. Post the consolidation adjustments in their fixed order, each cross-referenced in the Dr/Cr columns: 动作2 -- 抵销与调整。按其固定顺序登记合并调整,每笔在借/贷列中交叉标注: 1 Acquisition analysis - compute goodwill (Ch 3). 购买分析 -- 计算商誉(第3章)。 2 Fair-value adjustments (BCVR) + tax - restate the sub's net assets to acquisition-date FV. 公允价值调整(BCVR)+税 -- 把子公司的净资产重述为购买日公允价值。 3 Pre-acquisition elimination - offset the parent's investment against its share of the sub's pre- acquisition equity, book goodwill. 购买日抵销分录 -- 把母公司的 投资 与其应享子公司 购买日权益 的份额相抵销;确认商誉。 4 Intra-group eliminations - remove internal sales, profits, dividends, loans (+ tax). 集团内部抵销 -- 剔除内部销售、利润、股利、贷款(+税)。 5 NCI allocation - split equity and profit into parent interest and NCI (memorandum). NCI 分摊 -- 把权益和利润拆分为母公司权益与 NCI(备查表)。 Read the consolidated column straight off the worksheet - it is the consolidated financial statements. Order matters: BCVR is posted before the pre-acquisition elimination, because the FVA reserve must exist before it can be eliminated. 直接从工作底稿上读取合并列→它就是合并财务报表。顺序至关重要:BCVR 要在购买日抵销之前登记,因为公允价值 调整储备必须先存在,才能被抵销。[9]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdfYear 2+ Dr Issued capital / Reserve / RE @ DOA same same (unchanged) Dr BCVR @ DOA same same (unchanged) Dr Goodwill same same (unchanged) Cr Investment in Reef same same (unchanged) GOBP variant: credit goes to . . . Gain on bargain purchase (P&L) Opening Retained Earnings ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups ★ Exam move - state the principle, then apply it 应试要诀 -- 先陈述原则,再加以应用 When a question gives you Year 3 of an acquisition, the marker is checking whether you know the pre-acq entry repeats unchanged (goodwill case) and whether other entries (impairment, FVA depreciation, intra-group) need their prior-year portions routed to ORE. Write a one-line note - 'worksheet not carried forward; prior-year profit effects to ORE - before you start journalising. It signals the examiner you understand Principle #2. 当题目给你某项收购的第3年时,阅卷人是在检查你是否知道购买日分录原封不动地重复(商誉情形),以及 其他 分录 (减值、FVA 折旧、集团内部交易)是否需要把往年部分计入 ORE。在动笔做分录之前,先写一行注记 -- ‘工作底稿 不结转;往期利润影响计入 ORE' -- 向阅卷人示意你理解原则 #2。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups CORE A . WORKSHEET - CORE CHAPTER A (CONT. ) The full worked worksheet 完整工作底稿实例 Parent + Sub + Dr/Cr adjustments -> the consolidated column, with the pre-acq elimination 母公司+子公司+借/贷调整 →合并列,并完成购买日抵销 Now assemble it. Below is Marlin's and Reef's trial balances side-by-side with the two adjustment columns and the consolidated read-off. The reference [2a] is the BCVR / land FVA + tax (Core Ch. B); [2b] is the pre- acquisition elimination from page 3. No intra-group items in this base example - we layer those in later chapters. 现在把它组装起来。下表把 Marlin 与 Reef 的试算平衡表并排列出,并附两列调整列以及合并读出列。索引[2a]是 BCVR / 土地公允价值调整+税(核心第B章);[2b]是第 3 页的购买日抵销分录。本基础示例中没有集团内部交易项目 -- 我们 会在后面的章节中逐层加入。 Account ($)

• 典型列结构：Account | Parent | Subsidiary | Adjustments Dr | Adjustments Cr | Consolidated。
• 合并列读取规则：Consolidated = Parent + Subsidiary + Dr − Cr。[10]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf2. 6 合并工作底稿 -- 先逐项相加,再抵销 Consolidation happens on a worksheet, never in anyone's general ledger. Two governing principles AASB 10. B86 run the whole unit: 合并在工作底稿上进行,绝不在任何人的总分类账中进行。两条统领原则 AASB 10. B86 贯穿整个单元: ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups § Principle 1 - entries never touch the ledgers 原则1 -- 分录绝不触及分类账 Consolidation journals live only in the consolidation worksheet. The parent's and subsidiary's own books are untouched - each remains a stand-alone legal entity that files its own accounts. 合并分录 仅 存在于合并工作底稿中。母公司和子公司 各自的账簿原封不动 -- 各自仍是独立的法律实体, 分别报送自己的账目。 § Principle 2 - nothing carries forward 原则2 -- 任何项目都不结转 The worksheet is a temporary record, rebuilt from scratch each reporting period. So every adjustment that hit a prior period's profit must, in later years, be re-routed to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE) instead of the original P&L line. This single idea recurs in FVA depreciation, intra-group profit and equity accounting. 工作底稿是一份 临时 记录,每个报告期都从头重建。 因此凡是影响过 往 期利润的每项调整,在后续年份都 必须改计入 期初留存收益(ORE),而非原来的P&L 行。这一单一思想会在公允价值调整折旧、集团内部 利润和权益法核算中反复出现。 The worksheet is a five-column grid - Account | Parent | Subsidiary | Adjustments Dr | Adjustments Cr | Consolidated - with every P&L then every balance-sheet line as a row. The consolidated column = Parent + Subsidiary + Dr - Cr. 工作底稿是一个五列网格 -- 科目 | 母公司 | 子公司 | 调整借方 |调整贷方 | 合并 -- 以每一项 P&L 再每一项资产负债表项目 为一行。合并列= 母公司+子公司+借一贷。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups WS The two moves, in order The spine of every consolidation question Move 1 - add across. Combine the parent's and the subsidiary's figures line-by-line, taking 100% of the subsidiary even when it is partly owned. 动作1 -- 逐项相加。把母公司与子公司的数字逐行合并,即便子公司是部分持股,也取子公司的100%。 Move 2 - eliminate & adjust. Post the consolidation adjustments in their fixed order, each cross-referenced in the Dr/Cr columns: 动作2 -- 抵销与调整。按其固定顺序登记合并调整,每笔在借/贷列中交叉标注: 1 Acquisition analysis - compute goodwill (Ch 3). 购买分析 -- 计算商誉(第3章)。 2 Fair-value adjustments (BCVR) + tax - restate the sub's net assets to acquisition-date FV. 公允价值调整(BCVR)+税 -- 把子公司的净资产重述为购买日公允价值。 3 Pre-acquisition elimination - offset the parent's investment against its share of the sub's pre- acquisition equity, book goodwill. 购买日抵销分录 -- 把母公司的 投资 与其应享子公司 购买日权益 的份额相抵销;确认商誉。 4 Intra-group eliminations - remove internal sales, profits, dividends, loans (+ tax). 集团内部抵销 -- 剔除内部销售、利润、股利、贷款(+税)。 5 NCI allocation - split equity and profit into parent interest and NCI (memorandum). NCI 分摊 -- 把权益和利润拆分为母公司权益与 NCI(备查表)。 Read the consolidated column straight off the worksheet - it is the consolidated financial statements. Order matters: BCVR is posted before the pre-acquisition elimination, because the FVA reserve must exist before it can be eliminated. 直接从工作底稿上读取合并列→它就是合并财务报表。顺序至关重要:BCVR 要在购买日抵销之前登记,因为公允价值 调整储备必须先存在,才能被抵销。

• 正确顺序（反复出现）：
  1. 控制判断（Control）
  2. 购买分析（Acquisition analysis）
  3. BCVR + tax（FVA + deferred tax）
  4. 购买日抵销（Pre-acq elimination）
  5. 集团内部抵销（Intra-group + tax）
  6. NCI 分摊（NCI memorandum）[10]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf2. 6 合并工作底稿 -- 先逐项相加,再抵销 Consolidation happens on a worksheet, never in anyone's general ledger. Two governing principles AASB 10. B86 run the whole unit: 合并在工作底稿上进行,绝不在任何人的总分类账中进行。两条统领原则 AASB 10. B86 贯穿整个单元: ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups § Principle 1 - entries never touch the ledgers 原则1 -- 分录绝不触及分类账 Consolidation journals live only in the consolidation worksheet. The parent's and subsidiary's own books are untouched - each remains a stand-alone legal entity that files its own accounts. 合并分录 仅 存在于合并工作底稿中。母公司和子公司 各自的账簿原封不动 -- 各自仍是独立的法律实体, 分别报送自己的账目。 § Principle 2 - nothing carries forward 原则2 -- 任何项目都不结转 The worksheet is a temporary record, rebuilt from scratch each reporting period. So every adjustment that hit a prior period's profit must, in later years, be re-routed to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE) instead of the original P&L line. This single idea recurs in FVA depreciation, intra-group profit and equity accounting. 工作底稿是一份 临时 记录,每个报告期都从头重建。 因此凡是影响过 往 期利润的每项调整,在后续年份都 必须改计入 期初留存收益(ORE),而非原来的P&L 行。这一单一思想会在公允价值调整折旧、集团内部 利润和权益法核算中反复出现。 The worksheet is a five-column grid - Account | Parent | Subsidiary | Adjustments Dr | Adjustments Cr | Consolidated - with every P&L then every balance-sheet line as a row. The consolidated column = Parent + Subsidiary + Dr - Cr. 工作底稿是一个五列网格 -- 科目 | 母公司 | 子公司 | 调整借方 |调整贷方 | 合并 -- 以每一项 P&L 再每一项资产负债表项目 为一行。合并列= 母公司+子公司+借一贷。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups WS The two moves, in order The spine of every consolidation question Move 1 - add across. Combine the parent's and the subsidiary's figures line-by-line, taking 100% of the subsidiary even when it is partly owned. 动作1 -- 逐项相加。把母公司与子公司的数字逐行合并,即便子公司是部分持股,也取子公司的100%。 Move 2 - eliminate & adjust. Post the consolidation adjustments in their fixed order, each cross-referenced in the Dr/Cr columns: 动作2 -- 抵销与调整。按其固定顺序登记合并调整,每笔在借/贷列中交叉标注: 1 Acquisition analysis - compute goodwill (Ch 3). 购买分析 -- 计算商誉(第3章)。 2 Fair-value adjustments (BCVR) + tax - restate the sub's net assets to acquisition-date FV. 公允价值调整(BCVR)+税 -- 把子公司的净资产重述为购买日公允价值。 3 Pre-acquisition elimination - offset the parent's investment against its share of the sub's pre- acquisition equity, book goodwill. 购买日抵销分录 -- 把母公司的 投资 与其应享子公司 购买日权益 的份额相抵销;确认商誉。 4 Intra-group eliminations - remove internal sales, profits, dividends, loans (+ tax). 集团内部抵销 -- 剔除内部销售、利润、股利、贷款(+税)。 5 NCI allocation - split equity and profit into parent interest and NCI (memorandum). NCI 分摊 -- 把权益和利润拆分为母公司权益与 NCI(备查表)。 Read the consolidated column straight off the worksheet - it is the consolidated financial statements. Order matters: BCVR is posted before the pre-acquisition elimination, because the FVA reserve must exist before it can be eliminated. 直接从工作底稿上读取合并列→它就是合并财务报表。顺序至关重要:BCVR 要在购买日抵销之前登记,因为公允价值 调整储备必须先存在,才能被抵销。[8]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf★ One sentence to carry into the exam 带进考场的一句话 Almost every consolidation question is really asking: "is there control; what is goodwill; what must I add across then eliminate; and how does it roll forward?" If your worksheet walks that path - control - acquisition analysis - BCVR + tax - pre-acquisition elimination - intra-group - NCI - you are working like a group accountant, which is exactly what is marked. 几乎每道合并题真正在问的是:“是否存在控制;商誉是多少;我要先加总什么再抵销什么;以及它如何结转?”如果你 的工作底稿沿这条路径走 -- 控制→ 购买分析 → BCVR+ 税→ 购买日抵销分录 → 集团内部交易 → NCI -- 你就 是在像一名集团会计师那样工作,而这正是评分所要求的。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups CH 2 - CONTROL - CHAPTER 2 THE FRAMEWORK Why we consolidate - and when we must 为何要合并 -- 以及何时必须合并 The economic-entity concept, and the control test that triggers it 经济实体概念,以及触发它的控制测试 A parent and its subsidiaries are separate legal entities, but to a shareholder of the parent they are one economic entity - one pool of resources directed by one decision-maker. Consolidated financial statements present that single economic entity as if it were one company, so users are not misled by where assets and profits happen to sit legally. Everything in this unit is machinery for building those statements faithfully. 母公司及其子公司是各自独立的法律主体,但对母公司的股东而言,它们是一个经济实体 -- 由一个决策者支配的一池资源。 合并财务报表将这一单一经济实体呈现为如同一家公司,以免使用者因资产与利润在法律上恰好落在何处而被误导。本单元的 一切都是为忠实地编制这些报表而设的机制。 ★ What the exam asks here 考试在此处考什么 Foundations questions are short but decisive: state the three elements of control AASB 10. 7 and apply them to a scenario; distinguish substantive from protective rights; explain de-facto control below 50%; and place an investment on the spectrum (subsidiary / associate / joint arrangement / financial asset). The classic trap is reading control off the ownership % - the definition contains no percentage at all. 基础题简短却关键:陈述 控制的三要素 AASB 10. 7 并应用于某情景;区分 实质性 权利与 保护性 权利;解释50% 以 下的 事实控制;并把一项投资放到 谱系 上(子公司/联营企业/合营安排/金融资产)。经典陷阱是从 持股比例 直接 读出控制 -- 而定义中根本不含任何百分比。 2. 1 The economic-entity concept & who must consolidate 2. 1 经济实体概念与谁必须合并 The economic-entity concept treats the group as the reporting entity. Under AASB 10 a parent - an entity that controls one or more others - prepares consolidated financial statements (CFS) presenting 100% of the group's assets, liabilities, income and expenses, with any portion of equity not owned by the parent shown separately as non-controlling interest (NCI). 经济实体概念将集团视为报告主体。根据 AASB 10 母公司 -- 即控制一个或多个其他主体的主体 -- 编制合并财务报表 (CFS),呈现集团100%的资产、负债、收益和费用,而母公司未拥有的那部分权益则单独列示为非控股权益(NCI)。 Concept What CFS show Reporting entity The group (parent + all subsidiaries), not the parent alone What is added 100% of each subsidiary's A, L, I, E - even if only 80% owned Owners' equity split Parent interest + NCI (NCI is part of group equity, not a liability) What is removed Intra-group balances & transactions - the group cannot trade with itself[12]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf- 本题库使用说明。这里的每个情景、实体和金额都是 原创的 -- 没有一个取自任何讲师数据集、辅导课或往年试卷。真实考 试为 闭卷且设有及格门槛(≥45%),不提供 Excel 模板 -- 你要在纸上手写分录。先盖住答案,写出分录,再对照步骤批 改。 55% FINAL EXAM . HURDLE 期末考试 · 门槛 ≥45% MIN EXAM MARK TO PASS 及格所需的最低考试分 0 EXCEL TEMPLATES GIVEN 提供 Excel 模板 30% TAX RATE THROUGHOUT 全程适用税率 ★ How consolidation answers are marked - and how to be fast 合并答案如何评分 -- 以及如何提速 Marks follow the 5-step spine: acquisition analysis - BCVR + tax - pre-acq elimination - intra-group + tax - NCI. Each correct Dr/Cr line and its tax leg scores. Hand-drafting drill: rule a narrow Dr/Cr column, write account names abbreviated (ITE, DTL, ORE), and always pair the tax line immediately so you never forget it. Label each entry (BCVR / pre-acq / intra) so the marker can follow even if a number slips. 分数沿 5 步主线:购买分析→BCVR+税→购买日抵销→集团内部交易+税→ NCI。每一条 正确的借 /贷行 及其 税腿 都得分。手写演练:划一窄窄的借/贷列,把科目名写成缩写(ITE、DTL、ORE),并 始终立即配上税行,这样你 永远不会忘。给每笔分录标签(BCVR/购买日抵销/集团内部),即便某个数字出错,阅卷人也能跟上。 Q1 GOODWILL CALC consideration + NCI - FVINA . 6 marks On 1 Jul 20X4 Kestrel Ltd acquired 80% of Tidewater Ltd for $4,200 cash. Tidewater's equity: Share capital $3,000, Retained earnings $1,500. Its land had a fair value $500 above carrying amount; all else at FV. Tax 30%. The NCI's fair value is $1,020. Compute goodwill under (a) partial and (b) full goodwill methods. ($000) 20×4 年7月1日,Kestrel Ltd 以 $4,200 现金收购了 Tidewater Ltd 的 80% 股权。Tidewater 的权益为:股本 $3,000,留存收益 $1,500。其土地的公允价值高于账面金额 $500;其余均按公允价值列示。税率 30%。NCI的公允 价值为 $1,020。请分别按(a)部分 商誉法和(b)完全 商誉法计算商誉。($000) - WORKED SOLUTION FVINA at acquisition $000 Goodwill (a) Partial (b) Full Share capital 3,000 Consideration 4,200 4,200 Retained earnings 1,500
• 关键细节：BCVR 要在购买日抵销之前做，因为 BCVR（FVA 后税储备）先“存在”，才能在 pre-acq elimination 中被抵销。[10]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf2. 6 合并工作底稿 -- 先逐项相加,再抵销 Consolidation happens on a worksheet, never in anyone's general ledger. Two governing principles AASB 10. B86 run the whole unit: 合并在工作底稿上进行,绝不在任何人的总分类账中进行。两条统领原则 AASB 10. B86 贯穿整个单元: ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups § Principle 1 - entries never touch the ledgers 原则1 -- 分录绝不触及分类账 Consolidation journals live only in the consolidation worksheet. The parent's and subsidiary's own books are untouched - each remains a stand-alone legal entity that files its own accounts. 合并分录 仅 存在于合并工作底稿中。母公司和子公司 各自的账簿原封不动 -- 各自仍是独立的法律实体, 分别报送自己的账目。 § Principle 2 - nothing carries forward 原则2 -- 任何项目都不结转 The worksheet is a temporary record, rebuilt from scratch each reporting period. So every adjustment that hit a prior period's profit must, in later years, be re-routed to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE) instead of the original P&L line. This single idea recurs in FVA depreciation, intra-group profit and equity accounting. 工作底稿是一份 临时 记录,每个报告期都从头重建。 因此凡是影响过 往 期利润的每项调整,在后续年份都 必须改计入 期初留存收益(ORE),而非原来的P&L 行。这一单一思想会在公允价值调整折旧、集团内部 利润和权益法核算中反复出现。 The worksheet is a five-column grid - Account | Parent | Subsidiary | Adjustments Dr | Adjustments Cr | Consolidated - with every P&L then every balance-sheet line as a row. The consolidated column = Parent + Subsidiary + Dr - Cr. 工作底稿是一个五列网格 -- 科目 | 母公司 | 子公司 | 调整借方 |调整贷方 | 合并 -- 以每一项 P&L 再每一项资产负债表项目 为一行。合并列= 母公司+子公司+借一贷。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups WS The two moves, in order The spine of every consolidation question Move 1 - add across. Combine the parent's and the subsidiary's figures line-by-line, taking 100% of the subsidiary even when it is partly owned. 动作1 -- 逐项相加。把母公司与子公司的数字逐行合并,即便子公司是部分持股,也取子公司的100%。 Move 2 - eliminate & adjust. Post the consolidation adjustments in their fixed order, each cross-referenced in the Dr/Cr columns: 动作2 -- 抵销与调整。按其固定顺序登记合并调整,每笔在借/贷列中交叉标注: 1 Acquisition analysis - compute goodwill (Ch 3). 购买分析 -- 计算商誉(第3章)。 2 Fair-value adjustments (BCVR) + tax - restate the sub's net assets to acquisition-date FV. 公允价值调整(BCVR)+税 -- 把子公司的净资产重述为购买日公允价值。 3 Pre-acquisition elimination - offset the parent's investment against its share of the sub's pre- acquisition equity, book goodwill. 购买日抵销分录 -- 把母公司的 投资 与其应享子公司 购买日权益 的份额相抵销;确认商誉。 4 Intra-group eliminations - remove internal sales, profits, dividends, loans (+ tax). 集团内部抵销 -- 剔除内部销售、利润、股利、贷款(+税)。 5 NCI allocation - split equity and profit into parent interest and NCI (memorandum). NCI 分摊 -- 把权益和利润拆分为母公司权益与 NCI(备查表)。 Read the consolidated column straight off the worksheet - it is the consolidated financial statements. Order matters: BCVR is posted before the pre-acquisition elimination, because the FVA reserve must exist before it can be eliminated. 直接从工作底稿上读取合并列→它就是合并财务报表。顺序至关重要:BCVR 要在购买日抵销之前登记,因为公允价值 调整储备必须先存在,才能被抵销。[26]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfFVINA AT ACQUISITION = 400 + 250 + 50 + 70 (after-tax FVA) = 770 GOODWILL = Consideration 900 - FVINA 770 = 130 Check direction: if Bowen had paid only $700, residual = 700 - 770 =- 70 => reassess, then a $70 gain on bargain purchase to P&L (not "negative goodwill"). #1 mistake: computing FVINA from book equity (omit the after-tax FVA), or using the FVA gross ($100) instead of x(1-t) ($70); also forgetting to add NCI in the formula when the sub is partly owned. 3 . The Worksheet C3 . AASB 10. B86 Two core tasks: (1) aggregate line-by-line A, L, equity, income, expenses & cash flows of parent + subs; (2) adjust - offset investment vs pre-acq equity (book goodwill) & eliminate intra-group items in full. TWO GOVERNING PRINCIPLES worksheet ; they never touch the parent's or sub's general ledger. · #2 - the worksheet is a temporary record ; entries are not carried forward - re-process every period until disposal. Any entry that hit a prior period's profit is redirected to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE). ORDER OF ADJUSTMENTS Step 1 Acquisition analysis Step 2a FVA (BCVR) + tax effect Step 2b Pre-acquisition elimination (+ goodwill) Step 2c Intra-group eliminations (+ tax) Step 3 NCI memorandum FVAs (2a) go BEFORE pre-acq (2b) - they form part of pre-acq equity & affect goodwill, so the BCVR must exist before it's eliminated. Layout: Account | Parent | Subsidiary | Adj Dr | Adj Cr | Group. Group = Parent + Sub + Dr - Cr. Process every P&L line first, then every SoFP line; cross-reference each adjustment.

2）Topic A：Control（AASB 10）—“能不能合并”的生死点

• Control = 同时满足三要素：
  • (a) power over investee（当前有能力主导 relevant activities）
  • (b) exposure to variable returns（暴露于可变回报，正负都算，不只是股利）
  • (c) link：能用 power 去影响 returns
• 对应准则：AASB 10.6–7（材料里强调 “definition 没有任何百分比”）。[14]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 1 OF 2 . Acquisition -> Worksheet Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% SIDE 1/2 . BUILD 0 . How to Use This READ FIRST * The final exam is 55%, CLOSED BOOK, and a hurdle - score ≥45% in the exam itself or you fail the unit, whatever your other marks. Rest: tutorial participation 15% (9% group presentation + 6% weekly), group case study 20% (=Wk 11), four in-lecture quizzes 10% (Wks 5, 7, 9, 11). Permitted in the exam: an unannotated CAANZ Financial Reporting Handbook + ONE double-sided HAND-WRITTEN A4 . Printed standards are banned; no Excel templates - you draft every worksheet journal by hand. So treat this as the master you distil onto your own handwritten A4: it is the formula + journal bank for the whole unit. Side 1 = build the consolidation; side 2 = eliminate & the breadth topics. Tutorial/quiz questions are "adapted from past exams" - your best exam proxy. SIA > The whole unit is cumulative and done by hand - every later topic re-uses the worksheet spine. Drill the journals until the layout is automatic; confirm the permitted- materials rule in your current unit outline. 1 . Control . Consolidate? C1 . AASB 10 Control [AASB 10. 6-7] = all THREE: (a) power over the investee (current ability to direct the relevant activities), (b) exposure to variable returns (+/-, not just dividends), (c) the link - ability to use power to affect returns. No % in the definition. Control is substance over form: de facto control can exist below 50%; a majority can fail if rights are non-substantive. · Substantive rights - holder has the practical ability to exercise (no barriers) => count · Protective rights - apply only on default/fundamental change = never confer power · Potential voting rights (options/convertibles) count only if substantive - currently exercisable & not deeply out-of-the-money · Agent vs principal - a trustee acting for others does not control Who consolidates: a parent prepares consolidated financial statements (CFS). Exemption [10. 4]: a wholly/partly-owned sub whose debt isn't publicly traded & whose ultimate parent files IFRS CFS. DISCLOSURE AASB 12 - significant judgements in determining control [. 7], info on subs & NCI [. 10], unconsolidated structured entities [. 24]. AASB 124 - parent & sub are related parties [. 9]: disclose the relationship, ultimate parent, & related-party transactions. SIA - Classic trap: a 60% holder who has directed activities for years still controls even if another party holds options - if those options are out-of-the-money they are not substantive. Re-test substantiveness at the reporting date.[17]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfACCT6010 Financial Reporting for Business Groups UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY . BUSINESS SCHOOL EXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 1 OF 2 . Acquisition -> Worksheet Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% SIDE 1/2 . BUILD 0 . How to Use This READ FIRST * The final exam is 55%, CLOSED BOOK, and a hurdle - score ≥45% in the exam itself or you fail the unit, whatever your other marks. Rest: tutorial participation 15% (9% group presentation + 6% weekly), group case study 20% (=Wk 11), four in-lecture quizzes 10% (Wks 5, 7, 9, 11). Permitted in the exam: an unannotated CAANZ Financial Reporting Handbook + ONE double-sided HAND-WRITTEN A4 . Printed standards are banned; no Excel templates - you draft every worksheet journal by hand. So treat this as the master you distil onto your own handwritten A4: it is the formula + journal bank for the whole unit. Side 1 = build the consolidation; side 2 = eliminate & the breadth topics. Tutorial/quiz questions are "adapted from past exams" - your best exam proxy. SIA > The whole unit is cumulative and done by hand - every later topic re-uses the worksheet spine. Drill the journals until the layout is automatic; confirm the permitted- materials rule in your current unit outline. 1 . Control . Consolidate? C1 . AASB 10 Control [AASB 10. 6-7] = all THREE: (a) power over the investee (current ability to direct the relevant activities), (b) exposure to variable returns (+/-, not just dividends), (c) the link - ability to use power to affect returns. No % in the definition. Control is substance over form: de facto control can exist below 50%; a majority can fail if rights are non-substantive. · Substantive rights - holder has the practical ability to exercise (no barriers) => count · Protective rights - apply only on default/fundamental change = never confer power · Potential voting rights (options/convertibles) count only if substantive - currently exercisable & not deeply out-of-the-money · Agent vs principal - a trustee acting for others does not control Who consolidates: a parent prepares consolidated financial statements (CFS). Exemption [10. 4]: a wholly/partly-owned sub whose debt isn't publicly traded & whose ultimate parent files IFRS CFS. DISCLOSURE

• 不要用持股比例直接判断 control：定义里没百分比；50% 以下也可能 de facto control；多数股权也可能因为权利不 substantive 而不控制。[14]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 1 OF 2 . Acquisition -> Worksheet Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% SIDE 1/2 . BUILD 0 . How to Use This READ FIRST * The final exam is 55%, CLOSED BOOK, and a hurdle - score ≥45% in the exam itself or you fail the unit, whatever your other marks. Rest: tutorial participation 15% (9% group presentation + 6% weekly), group case study 20% (=Wk 11), four in-lecture quizzes 10% (Wks 5, 7, 9, 11). Permitted in the exam: an unannotated CAANZ Financial Reporting Handbook + ONE double-sided HAND-WRITTEN A4 . Printed standards are banned; no Excel templates - you draft every worksheet journal by hand. So treat this as the master you distil onto your own handwritten A4: it is the formula + journal bank for the whole unit. Side 1 = build the consolidation; side 2 = eliminate & the breadth topics. Tutorial/quiz questions are "adapted from past exams" - your best exam proxy. SIA > The whole unit is cumulative and done by hand - every later topic re-uses the worksheet spine. Drill the journals until the layout is automatic; confirm the permitted- materials rule in your current unit outline. 1 . Control . Consolidate? C1 . AASB 10 Control [AASB 10. 6-7] = all THREE: (a) power over the investee (current ability to direct the relevant activities), (b) exposure to variable returns (+/-, not just dividends), (c) the link - ability to use power to affect returns. No % in the definition. Control is substance over form: de facto control can exist below 50%; a majority can fail if rights are non-substantive. · Substantive rights - holder has the practical ability to exercise (no barriers) => count · Protective rights - apply only on default/fundamental change = never confer power · Potential voting rights (options/convertibles) count only if substantive - currently exercisable & not deeply out-of-the-money · Agent vs principal - a trustee acting for others does not control Who consolidates: a parent prepares consolidated financial statements (CFS). Exemption [10. 4]: a wholly/partly-owned sub whose debt isn't publicly traded & whose ultimate parent files IFRS CFS. DISCLOSURE AASB 12 - significant judgements in determining control [. 7], info on subs & NCI [. 10], unconsolidated structured entities [. 24]. AASB 124 - parent & sub are related parties [. 9]: disclose the relationship, ultimate parent, & related-party transactions. SIA - Classic trap: a 60% holder who has directed activities for years still controls even if another party holds options - if those options are out-of-the-money they are not substantive. Re-test substantiveness at the reporting date.[8]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf★ One sentence to carry into the exam 带进考场的一句话 Almost every consolidation question is really asking: "is there control; what is goodwill; what must I add across then eliminate; and how does it roll forward?" If your worksheet walks that path - control - acquisition analysis - BCVR + tax - pre-acquisition elimination - intra-group - NCI - you are working like a group accountant, which is exactly what is marked. 几乎每道合并题真正在问的是:“是否存在控制;商誉是多少;我要先加总什么再抵销什么;以及它如何结转?”如果你 的工作底稿沿这条路径走 -- 控制→ 购买分析 → BCVR+ 税→ 购买日抵销分录 → 集团内部交易 → NCI -- 你就 是在像一名集团会计师那样工作,而这正是评分所要求的。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups CH 2 - CONTROL - CHAPTER 2 THE FRAMEWORK Why we consolidate - and when we must 为何要合并 -- 以及何时必须合并 The economic-entity concept, and the control test that triggers it 经济实体概念,以及触发它的控制测试 A parent and its subsidiaries are separate legal entities, but to a shareholder of the parent they are one economic entity - one pool of resources directed by one decision-maker. Consolidated financial statements present that single economic entity as if it were one company, so users are not misled by where assets and profits happen to sit legally. Everything in this unit is machinery for building those statements faithfully. 母公司及其子公司是各自独立的法律主体,但对母公司的股东而言,它们是一个经济实体 -- 由一个决策者支配的一池资源。 合并财务报表将这一单一经济实体呈现为如同一家公司,以免使用者因资产与利润在法律上恰好落在何处而被误导。本单元的 一切都是为忠实地编制这些报表而设的机制。 ★ What the exam asks here 考试在此处考什么 Foundations questions are short but decisive: state the three elements of control AASB 10. 7 and apply them to a scenario; distinguish substantive from protective rights; explain de-facto control below 50%; and place an investment on the spectrum (subsidiary / associate / joint arrangement / financial asset). The classic trap is reading control off the ownership % - the definition contains no percentage at all. 基础题简短却关键:陈述 控制的三要素 AASB 10. 7 并应用于某情景;区分 实质性 权利与 保护性 权利;解释50% 以 下的 事实控制;并把一项投资放到 谱系 上(子公司/联营企业/合营安排/金融资产)。经典陷阱是从 持股比例 直接 读出控制 -- 而定义中根本不含任何百分比。 2. 1 The economic-entity concept & who must consolidate 2. 1 经济实体概念与谁必须合并 The economic-entity concept treats the group as the reporting entity. Under AASB 10 a parent - an entity that controls one or more others - prepares consolidated financial statements (CFS) presenting 100% of the group's assets, liabilities, income and expenses, with any portion of equity not owned by the parent shown separately as non-controlling interest (NCI). 经济实体概念将集团视为报告主体。根据 AASB 10 母公司 -- 即控制一个或多个其他主体的主体 -- 编制合并财务报表 (CFS),呈现集团100%的资产、负债、收益和费用,而母公司未拥有的那部分权益则单独列示为非控股权益(NCI)。 Concept What CFS show Reporting entity The group (parent + all subsidiaries), not the parent alone What is added 100% of each subsidiary's A, L, I, E - even if only 80% owned Owners' equity split Parent interest + NCI (NCI is part of group equity, not a liability) What is removed Intra-group balances & transactions - the group cannot trade with itself
• Substantive vs Protective rights：
  • substantive：有实际可行性去行使（没有重大障碍）→ 算 power
  • protective：只在违约/重大变故才触发 → 不构成 power。[14]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 1 OF 2 . Acquisition -> Worksheet Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% SIDE 1/2 . BUILD 0 . How to Use This READ FIRST * The final exam is 55%, CLOSED BOOK, and a hurdle - score ≥45% in the exam itself or you fail the unit, whatever your other marks. Rest: tutorial participation 15% (9% group presentation + 6% weekly), group case study 20% (=Wk 11), four in-lecture quizzes 10% (Wks 5, 7, 9, 11). Permitted in the exam: an unannotated CAANZ Financial Reporting Handbook + ONE double-sided HAND-WRITTEN A4 . Printed standards are banned; no Excel templates - you draft every worksheet journal by hand. So treat this as the master you distil onto your own handwritten A4: it is the formula + journal bank for the whole unit. Side 1 = build the consolidation; side 2 = eliminate & the breadth topics. Tutorial/quiz questions are "adapted from past exams" - your best exam proxy. SIA > The whole unit is cumulative and done by hand - every later topic re-uses the worksheet spine. Drill the journals until the layout is automatic; confirm the permitted- materials rule in your current unit outline. 1 . Control . Consolidate? C1 . AASB 10 Control [AASB 10. 6-7] = all THREE: (a) power over the investee (current ability to direct the relevant activities), (b) exposure to variable returns (+/-, not just dividends), (c) the link - ability to use power to affect returns. No % in the definition. Control is substance over form: de facto control can exist below 50%; a majority can fail if rights are non-substantive. · Substantive rights - holder has the practical ability to exercise (no barriers) => count · Protective rights - apply only on default/fundamental change = never confer power · Potential voting rights (options/convertibles) count only if substantive - currently exercisable & not deeply out-of-the-money · Agent vs principal - a trustee acting for others does not control Who consolidates: a parent prepares consolidated financial statements (CFS). Exemption [10. 4]: a wholly/partly-owned sub whose debt isn't publicly traded & whose ultimate parent files IFRS CFS. DISCLOSURE AASB 12 - significant judgements in determining control [. 7], info on subs & NCI [. 10], unconsolidated structured entities [. 24]. AASB 124 - parent & sub are related parties [. 9]: disclose the relationship, ultimate parent, & related-party transactions. SIA - Classic trap: a 60% holder who has directed activities for years still controls even if another party holds options - if those options are out-of-the-money they are not substantive. Re-test substantiveness at the reporting date.
• Potential voting rights（期权/可转债）：只有在“currently exercisable 且不深度价外”等才算 substantive，要在报告日重新测试。[14]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 1 OF 2 . Acquisition -> Worksheet Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% SIDE 1/2 . BUILD 0 . How to Use This READ FIRST * The final exam is 55%, CLOSED BOOK, and a hurdle - score ≥45% in the exam itself or you fail the unit, whatever your other marks. Rest: tutorial participation 15% (9% group presentation + 6% weekly), group case study 20% (=Wk 11), four in-lecture quizzes 10% (Wks 5, 7, 9, 11). Permitted in the exam: an unannotated CAANZ Financial Reporting Handbook + ONE double-sided HAND-WRITTEN A4 . Printed standards are banned; no Excel templates - you draft every worksheet journal by hand. So treat this as the master you distil onto your own handwritten A4: it is the formula + journal bank for the whole unit. Side 1 = build the consolidation; side 2 = eliminate & the breadth topics. Tutorial/quiz questions are "adapted from past exams" - your best exam proxy. SIA > The whole unit is cumulative and done by hand - every later topic re-uses the worksheet spine. Drill the journals until the layout is automatic; confirm the permitted- materials rule in your current unit outline. 1 . Control . Consolidate? C1 . AASB 10 Control [AASB 10. 6-7] = all THREE: (a) power over the investee (current ability to direct the relevant activities), (b) exposure to variable returns (+/-, not just dividends), (c) the link - ability to use power to affect returns. No % in the definition. Control is substance over form: de facto control can exist below 50%; a majority can fail if rights are non-substantive. · Substantive rights - holder has the practical ability to exercise (no barriers) => count · Protective rights - apply only on default/fundamental change = never confer power · Potential voting rights (options/convertibles) count only if substantive - currently exercisable & not deeply out-of-the-money · Agent vs principal - a trustee acting for others does not control Who consolidates: a parent prepares consolidated financial statements (CFS). Exemption [10. 4]: a wholly/partly-owned sub whose debt isn't publicly traded & whose ultimate parent files IFRS CFS. DISCLOSURE AASB 12 - significant judgements in determining control [. 7], info on subs & NCI [. 10], unconsolidated structured entities [. 24]. AASB 124 - parent & sub are related parties [. 9]: disclose the relationship, ultimate parent, & related-party transactions. SIA - Classic trap: a 60% holder who has directed activities for years still controls even if another party holds options - if those options are out-of-the-money they are not substantive. Re-test substantiveness at the reporting date.
• Agent vs principal：受托人为他人行事不等于控制。[14]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 1 OF 2 . Acquisition -> Worksheet Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% SIDE 1/2 . BUILD 0 . How to Use This READ FIRST * The final exam is 55%, CLOSED BOOK, and a hurdle - score ≥45% in the exam itself or you fail the unit, whatever your other marks. Rest: tutorial participation 15% (9% group presentation + 6% weekly), group case study 20% (=Wk 11), four in-lecture quizzes 10% (Wks 5, 7, 9, 11). Permitted in the exam: an unannotated CAANZ Financial Reporting Handbook + ONE double-sided HAND-WRITTEN A4 . Printed standards are banned; no Excel templates - you draft every worksheet journal by hand. So treat this as the master you distil onto your own handwritten A4: it is the formula + journal bank for the whole unit. Side 1 = build the consolidation; side 2 = eliminate & the breadth topics. Tutorial/quiz questions are "adapted from past exams" - your best exam proxy. SIA > The whole unit is cumulative and done by hand - every later topic re-uses the worksheet spine. Drill the journals until the layout is automatic; confirm the permitted- materials rule in your current unit outline. 1 . Control . Consolidate? C1 . AASB 10 Control [AASB 10. 6-7] = all THREE: (a) power over the investee (current ability to direct the relevant activities), (b) exposure to variable returns (+/-, not just dividends), (c) the link - ability to use power to affect returns. No % in the definition. Control is substance over form: de facto control can exist below 50%; a majority can fail if rights are non-substantive. · Substantive rights - holder has the practical ability to exercise (no barriers) => count · Protective rights - apply only on default/fundamental change = never confer power · Potential voting rights (options/convertibles) count only if substantive - currently exercisable & not deeply out-of-the-money · Agent vs principal - a trustee acting for others does not control Who consolidates: a parent prepares consolidated financial statements (CFS). Exemption [10. 4]: a wholly/partly-owned sub whose debt isn't publicly traded & whose ultimate parent files IFRS CFS. DISCLOSURE AASB 12 - significant judgements in determining control [. 7], info on subs & NCI [. 10], unconsolidated structured entities [. 24]. AASB 124 - parent & sub are related parties [. 9]: disclose the relationship, ultimate parent, & related-party transactions. SIA - Classic trap: a 60% holder who has directed activities for years still controls even if another party holds options - if those options are out-of-the-money they are not substantive. Re-test substantiveness at the reporting date.

3）Topic B：Acquisition method & Goodwill（AASB 3）—必考计算题核心

• 1. Identify the acquirer（谁取得控制）
• 1. Identify acquisition date（控制转移日；锁定 FV、冻结 pre-acq equity）
• 1. Measure FVINA（可辨认净资产按购买日 FV，且要考虑能在合并层面确认但子公司账上不一定有的项目）
• 1. Measure consideration transferred at FV（现金/资产/发行股份/承担负债等）
• 1. Recognise goodwill 或 GOBP（bargain purchase gain）

• $$\text{Goodwill}=\text{Consideration}+\text{NCI}+\text{FV of previously held interest}-\text{FVINA}$$
• 100% 收购时 NCI=0，所以 goodwill = consideration − FVINA。[24]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfSubsidiary · 10/3 Full consolidation Threshold is substance: 19% may be significant influence; 45% may be de facto control; 60% need not be control if rights aren't substantive. 2 . Acquisition Method c2 . AASB 3 Apply the acquisition method [AASB 3. 4] - the 5-part acquisition analysis: 1. Identify the acquirer - who obtains control [3. 6- 7] 2. Identify the acquisition date - date control passes; fixes FVs & freezes pre-acq equity 3. Measure FVINA - identifiable A & L at acquisition- date fair value [3. 18] (may include items the sub can't book - internally generated intangibles, contingent liabilities) 4. Measure consideration transferred at FV [3. 37] = cash + FV of assets given + FV of shares issued + FV of liabilities to former owners 5. Recognise goodwill OR gain on bargain purchase In the parent's own books the acquisition is recorded at cost: PARENT'S BOOKS (COST) Dr Investment in Subsidiary (cost) Cr Cash / Share capital / Liability GOODWILL FORMULA [3. 32] GOODWILL = Consideration transferred (parent) + Amount of any NCI + FV of previously held interest (step acq) - FVINA (fair value of identifiable net assets) Goodwill (positive) = asset, not amortised, impairment-only [AASB 136] & irreversible. GOBP (negative) => rare: first reassess that all A, L & the consideration are correctly identified & measured, then recognise the residual excess as income (gain) in P&L in the acquisition period [3. 34-36]. Trap: FVINA is measured net of the 30% deferred tax on the FVAs - forgetting it overstates FVINA & understates goodwill. 100% acq => NCI = 0, so goodwill = consideration - FVINA. In a step acquisition the previously held interest is re-measured to FV at the date control is obtained, with the gain/loss to P&L. 2b · Acquisition Analysis WORKED[22]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEACH YEAR - REALISE VIA DEP'N Dr Depreciation exp 20 (100:5) Cr Accum depreciation 20 Dr DTL 6 (20×30%) Cr Income tax exp 6 YEAR 3 (2 PRIOR YRS IN ORE) Dr Depreciation exp 20 (current) Dr Opening RE 40 (prior 2 yrs) Cr Accum depreciation 60 Dr DTL 18 Cr Income tax exp 6 Cr Opening RE 12 The FVA + DTL recognition entry stays the SAME every year; the depreciation realisation grows cumulatively & splits current(P&L)/prior(ORE). The DTL unwinds as the asset depreciates. 4c . Contingent Liability AASB 3. 23 Group recognises a contingent liability that is a present obligation with reliably measurable FV - even if outflow is not probable (narrower than AASB 137). Liability = DTA. Dr BCVR 1,000 Cr Provision for damages 1,000 Dr Deferred Tax Asset 300 Cr BCVR 300 Measurement period [3. 45-50]: within 12 months of DOA, new info about facts existing at DOA is applied retrospectively (adjusts FVA & goodwill). After 12 months => goodwill & pre-acq entry unchanged; the difference is a current-period gain/loss. Worked: the $1,000 provision settles for $1,150. If within 12 months & the facts existed at DOA => restate FVA & goodwill by $150. If after 12 months => goodwill unchanged; the extra $150 is a current-period loss . Side-1 Belt MEMORISE Control = power + variable returns + link Goodwill = Consid + NCI + prior int - FVINA FVINA = equity@DOA ± FVAx(1-0. 30) BCVR = FVAx(1-t) . DTL/DTA = FVAxt Pre-acq: Dr equity@DOA + Goodwill / Cr Invt FVA dep'n = increment + remaining life FVA dep'n tax reversal = dep'n x 0. 30 GOBP = FVINA - Consideration (if positive) Order: AA - BCVR+tax - pre-acq + intra + NCI Prior-period effect - Opening RE Closed-book exam . distil onto your handwritten A4 . check your unit outline . @ 2026 flip + for eliminations, NCI, cash flow & breadth asksia. ai/cheatsheet/ usyd-acct6010 . side 1/2 AskSia STUDY SHEET SERIES

• 材料明确点名：FVINA 计量要扣掉 FVAs 的 deferred tax（30%）；忘记这一点会 FVINA 过高 → goodwill 过低。[24]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfSubsidiary · 10/3 Full consolidation Threshold is substance: 19% may be significant influence; 45% may be de facto control; 60% need not be control if rights aren't substantive. 2 . Acquisition Method c2 . AASB 3 Apply the acquisition method [AASB 3. 4] - the 5-part acquisition analysis: 1. Identify the acquirer - who obtains control [3. 6- 7] 2. Identify the acquisition date - date control passes; fixes FVs & freezes pre-acq equity 3. Measure FVINA - identifiable A & L at acquisition- date fair value [3. 18] (may include items the sub can't book - internally generated intangibles, contingent liabilities) 4. Measure consideration transferred at FV [3. 37] = cash + FV of assets given + FV of shares issued + FV of liabilities to former owners 5. Recognise goodwill OR gain on bargain purchase In the parent's own books the acquisition is recorded at cost: PARENT'S BOOKS (COST) Dr Investment in Subsidiary (cost) Cr Cash / Share capital / Liability GOODWILL FORMULA [3. 32] GOODWILL = Consideration transferred (parent) + Amount of any NCI + FV of previously held interest (step acq) - FVINA (fair value of identifiable net assets) Goodwill (positive) = asset, not amortised, impairment-only [AASB 136] & irreversible. GOBP (negative) => rare: first reassess that all A, L & the consideration are correctly identified & measured, then recognise the residual excess as income (gain) in P&L in the acquisition period [3. 34-36]. Trap: FVINA is measured net of the 30% deferred tax on the FVAs - forgetting it overstates FVINA & understates goodwill. 100% acq => NCI = 0, so goodwill = consideration - FVINA. In a step acquisition the previously held interest is re-measured to FV at the date control is obtained, with the gain/loss to P&L. 2b · Acquisition Analysis WORKED[22]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEACH YEAR - REALISE VIA DEP'N Dr Depreciation exp 20 (100:5) Cr Accum depreciation 20 Dr DTL 6 (20×30%) Cr Income tax exp 6 YEAR 3 (2 PRIOR YRS IN ORE) Dr Depreciation exp 20 (current) Dr Opening RE 40 (prior 2 yrs) Cr Accum depreciation 60 Dr DTL 18 Cr Income tax exp 6 Cr Opening RE 12 The FVA + DTL recognition entry stays the SAME every year; the depreciation realisation grows cumulatively & splits current(P&L)/prior(ORE). The DTL unwinds as the asset depreciates. 4c . Contingent Liability AASB 3. 23 Group recognises a contingent liability that is a present obligation with reliably measurable FV - even if outflow is not probable (narrower than AASB 137). Liability = DTA. Dr BCVR 1,000 Cr Provision for damages 1,000 Dr Deferred Tax Asset 300 Cr BCVR 300 Measurement period [3. 45-50]: within 12 months of DOA, new info about facts existing at DOA is applied retrospectively (adjusts FVA & goodwill). After 12 months => goodwill & pre-acq entry unchanged; the difference is a current-period gain/loss. Worked: the $1,000 provision settles for $1,150. If within 12 months & the facts existed at DOA => restate FVA & goodwill by $150. If after 12 months => goodwill unchanged; the extra $150 is a current-period loss . Side-1 Belt MEMORISE Control = power + variable returns + link Goodwill = Consid + NCI + prior int - FVINA FVINA = equity@DOA ± FVAx(1-0. 30) BCVR = FVAx(1-t) . DTL/DTA = FVAxt Pre-acq: Dr equity@DOA + Goodwill / Cr Invt FVA dep'n = increment + remaining life FVA dep'n tax reversal = dep'n x 0. 30 GOBP = FVINA - Consideration (if positive) Order: AA - BCVR+tax - pre-acq + intra + NCI Prior-period effect - Opening RE Closed-book exam . distil onto your handwritten A4 . check your unit outline . @ 2026 flip + for eliminations, NCI, cash flow & breadth asksia. ai/cheatsheet/ usyd-acct6010 . side 1/2 AskSia STUDY SHEET SERIES
• 速记：
  • $$\text{BCVR}=\text{FVA}\times(1-0.30)$$
  • $$\text{DTL/DTA}=\text{FVA}\times 0.30$$ （方向依资产/负债与暂时性差异而定）[22]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEACH YEAR - REALISE VIA DEP'N Dr Depreciation exp 20 (100:5) Cr Accum depreciation 20 Dr DTL 6 (20×30%) Cr Income tax exp 6 YEAR 3 (2 PRIOR YRS IN ORE) Dr Depreciation exp 20 (current) Dr Opening RE 40 (prior 2 yrs) Cr Accum depreciation 60 Dr DTL 18 Cr Income tax exp 6 Cr Opening RE 12 The FVA + DTL recognition entry stays the SAME every year; the depreciation realisation grows cumulatively & splits current(P&L)/prior(ORE). The DTL unwinds as the asset depreciates. 4c . Contingent Liability AASB 3. 23 Group recognises a contingent liability that is a present obligation with reliably measurable FV - even if outflow is not probable (narrower than AASB 137). Liability = DTA. Dr BCVR 1,000 Cr Provision for damages 1,000 Dr Deferred Tax Asset 300 Cr BCVR 300 Measurement period [3. 45-50]: within 12 months of DOA, new info about facts existing at DOA is applied retrospectively (adjusts FVA & goodwill). After 12 months => goodwill & pre-acq entry unchanged; the difference is a current-period gain/loss. Worked: the $1,000 provision settles for $1,150. If within 12 months & the facts existed at DOA => restate FVA & goodwill by $150. If after 12 months => goodwill unchanged; the extra $150 is a current-period loss . Side-1 Belt MEMORISE Control = power + variable returns + link Goodwill = Consid + NCI + prior int - FVINA FVINA = equity@DOA ± FVAx(1-0. 30) BCVR = FVAx(1-t) . DTL/DTA = FVAxt Pre-acq: Dr equity@DOA + Goodwill / Cr Invt FVA dep'n = increment + remaining life FVA dep'n tax reversal = dep'n x 0. 30 GOBP = FVINA - Consideration (if positive) Order: AA - BCVR+tax - pre-acq + intra + NCI Prior-period effect - Opening RE Closed-book exam . distil onto your handwritten A4 . check your unit outline . @ 2026 flip + for eliminations, NCI, cash flow & breadth asksia. ai/cheatsheet/ usyd-acct6010 . side 1/2 AskSia STUDY SHEET SERIES[26]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfFVINA AT ACQUISITION = 400 + 250 + 50 + 70 (after-tax FVA) = 770 GOODWILL = Consideration 900 - FVINA 770 = 130 Check direction: if Bowen had paid only $700, residual = 700 - 770 =- 70 => reassess, then a $70 gain on bargain purchase to P&L (not "negative goodwill"). #1 mistake: computing FVINA from book equity (omit the after-tax FVA), or using the FVA gross ($100) instead of x(1-t) ($70); also forgetting to add NCI in the formula when the sub is partly owned. 3 . The Worksheet C3 . AASB 10. B86 Two core tasks: (1) aggregate line-by-line A, L, equity, income, expenses & cash flows of parent + subs; (2) adjust - offset investment vs pre-acq equity (book goodwill) & eliminate intra-group items in full. TWO GOVERNING PRINCIPLES worksheet ; they never touch the parent's or sub's general ledger. · #2 - the worksheet is a temporary record ; entries are not carried forward - re-process every period until disposal. Any entry that hit a prior period's profit is redirected to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE). ORDER OF ADJUSTMENTS Step 1 Acquisition analysis Step 2a FVA (BCVR) + tax effect Step 2b Pre-acquisition elimination (+ goodwill) Step 2c Intra-group eliminations (+ tax) Step 3 NCI memorandum FVAs (2a) go BEFORE pre-acq (2b) - they form part of pre-acq equity & affect goodwill, so the BCVR must exist before it's eliminated. Layout: Account | Parent | Subsidiary | Adj Dr | Adj Cr | Group. Group = Parent + Sub + Dr - Cr. Process every P&L line first, then every SoFP line; cross-reference each adjustment.

• 先 reassess 是否 A/L/对价都识别并计量正确，再把“负 goodwill”的余额作为 gain 进 P&L（不是“negative goodwill 资产”）。[24]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfSubsidiary · 10/3 Full consolidation Threshold is substance: 19% may be significant influence; 45% may be de facto control; 60% need not be control if rights aren't substantive. 2 . Acquisition Method c2 . AASB 3 Apply the acquisition method [AASB 3. 4] - the 5-part acquisition analysis: 1. Identify the acquirer - who obtains control [3. 6- 7] 2. Identify the acquisition date - date control passes; fixes FVs & freezes pre-acq equity 3. Measure FVINA - identifiable A & L at acquisition- date fair value [3. 18] (may include items the sub can't book - internally generated intangibles, contingent liabilities) 4. Measure consideration transferred at FV [3. 37] = cash + FV of assets given + FV of shares issued + FV of liabilities to former owners 5. Recognise goodwill OR gain on bargain purchase In the parent's own books the acquisition is recorded at cost: PARENT'S BOOKS (COST) Dr Investment in Subsidiary (cost) Cr Cash / Share capital / Liability GOODWILL FORMULA [3. 32] GOODWILL = Consideration transferred (parent) + Amount of any NCI + FV of previously held interest (step acq) - FVINA (fair value of identifiable net assets) Goodwill (positive) = asset, not amortised, impairment-only [AASB 136] & irreversible. GOBP (negative) => rare: first reassess that all A, L & the consideration are correctly identified & measured, then recognise the residual excess as income (gain) in P&L in the acquisition period [3. 34-36]. Trap: FVINA is measured net of the 30% deferred tax on the FVAs - forgetting it overstates FVINA & understates goodwill. 100% acq => NCI = 0, so goodwill = consideration - FVINA. In a step acquisition the previously held interest is re-measured to FV at the date control is obtained, with the gain/loss to P&L. 2b · Acquisition Analysis WORKED[26]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfFVINA AT ACQUISITION = 400 + 250 + 50 + 70 (after-tax FVA) = 770 GOODWILL = Consideration 900 - FVINA 770 = 130 Check direction: if Bowen had paid only $700, residual = 700 - 770 =- 70 => reassess, then a $70 gain on bargain purchase to P&L (not "negative goodwill"). #1 mistake: computing FVINA from book equity (omit the after-tax FVA), or using the FVA gross ($100) instead of x(1-t) ($70); also forgetting to add NCI in the formula when the sub is partly owned. 3 . The Worksheet C3 . AASB 10. B86 Two core tasks: (1) aggregate line-by-line A, L, equity, income, expenses & cash flows of parent + subs; (2) adjust - offset investment vs pre-acq equity (book goodwill) & eliminate intra-group items in full. TWO GOVERNING PRINCIPLES worksheet ; they never touch the parent's or sub's general ledger. · #2 - the worksheet is a temporary record ; entries are not carried forward - re-process every period until disposal. Any entry that hit a prior period's profit is redirected to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE). ORDER OF ADJUSTMENTS Step 1 Acquisition analysis Step 2a FVA (BCVR) + tax effect Step 2b Pre-acquisition elimination (+ goodwill) Step 2c Intra-group eliminations (+ tax) Step 3 NCI memorandum FVAs (2a) go BEFORE pre-acq (2b) - they form part of pre-acq equity & affect goodwill, so the BCVR must exist before it's eliminated. Layout: Account | Parent | Subsidiary | Adj Dr | Adj Cr | Group. Group = Parent + Sub + Dr - Cr. Process every P&L line first, then every SoFP line; cross-reference each adjustment.

• 购买日：按购买日公允价值计入 consideration，锁定在 goodwill 计算里（AASB 3.39）。[7]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdfOften part of the price is contingent - an earn-out payable only if the acquiree hits future targets. It is part of the consideration and so feeds goodwill. ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups 对价中往往有一部分是 或有的 -- 即仅当被收购方达到未来目标时才支付的对赌款(earn-out)。它属于对价的一部分,因 此计入商誉。 1 At acquisition date, include the contingent consideration in the consideration transferred at its acquisition- date fair value AASB 3. 39 - e. g. the probability-weighted, discounted expected payout. This FV is locked into the goodwill calculation. 在购买日,按其 购买日公允价值 把或有对价计入转移对价 AASB 3. 39 - -例如概率加权、折现后的预期支付额。该公允价 值被锁入 商誉 计算。 2 Classify it: an obligation to pay cash/assets is a liability; an obligation to issue a fixed number of the acquirer's shares is usually equity AASB 3. 40 3. 40 对其分类:支付 现金/资产 的义务是一项 负债;发行 固定数量收购方股份 的义务通常是 权益 AASB 3. 40 3 Subsequent changes AASB 3. 58 - a liability-classified earn-out is remeasured to FV each period with changes in profit or loss; equity-classified is not remeasured. Either way, goodwill is not re-opened for these later changes. 后续变动 AASB 3. 58 -- 分类为 负债 的对赌款每期重新计量为公允价值,变动计入 损益;分类为 权益 的 不重新计量。 无论哪种,商誉都不因这些后续变动而重新打开。 ! Do not confuse remeasurement with the measurement period 不要把重新计量与计量期混为一谈 Within the 12-month measurement period AASB 3. 45-50 , new information about facts that existed at acquisition date is applied retrospectively - it adjusts FVINA and goodwill. By contrast, a change in a contingent-consideration liability driven by post-acquisition events (the target was or wasn't met) goes to P&L and leaves goodwill untouched. Decide which one the facts describe before you touch goodwill. 在 12 个月计量期 内 AASB 3. 45-50 ,关于 购买日已存在事实的新信息 应 追溯 应用 -- 它调整 FVINA 和商誉。相比 之下,由 购买日后 事件驱动的或有对价负债变动(目标达成或未达成)计入P&L,而商誉不变。在动商誉之前,先判 定事实描述的是哪一种情形。 ★ The one-line summary of Chapter 3 第3章的一句话总结 Identify acquirer & date - measure identifiable net assets at FV net of tax - add consideration + NCI + prior interest - residual is goodwill (capitalise, impairment-test) or, if negative, reassess then book a gain. Carry that, and the net-of-tax discipline, into every worksheet. 识别收购方和日期 →按 税后 公允价值计量可辨认净资产 → 加上对价 + NCI+先前权益→余额为商誉(资本化,作 减值测试),若为负则重新评估后确认一笔收益。把这条以及税后原则带进每一份工作底稿。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups CORE A . PRINCIPLES - CORE CHAPTER A AASB 10 . AASB 3 . THE HEART OF THE EXAM Consolidation & the worksheet method 合并与工作底稿法 How a parent and its subsidiaries become one reporting entity - on paper, not in the ledgers 母公司及其子公司如何成为一个报告主体 -- 在纸面上,而非在分类账中 A group is not a legal entity - it is an accounting fiction built every reporting date. Each company keeps its own general ledger; consolidation happens entirely on a worksheet that aggregates the separate trial balances and then adjusts them so the group reports as if it were a single economic entity. Master the worksheet mechanics and the two governing principles and every later topic - FVAs, intra-group, NCI - is just more adjustment rows. 集团并非一个法律实体 -- 它是每个报告日重新搭建的 会计拟制。各公司各自保留自己的总账;合并完全在 工作底稿 上进 行,将各自独立的试算平衡表汇总,再加以调整,使集团犹如单一经济实体般对外报告。掌握工作底稿的运作机制和两条统驭 原则,之后的每个主题 -- 公允价值调整、集团内部交易、NCI -- 都只是更多的调整行而已。 ★ What the exam asks here 考试在此处考什么 This is the spine of every consolidation question. You will be asked to (1) run the acquisition analysis and compute goodwill; (2) write the pre-acquisition elimination entry; (3) build or complete a 5-column worksheet; and (4) demonstrate you understand that entries are never carried forward - so a year-2 answer that forgets to redirect prior-period profit to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE) loses heavy marks. Get the ordering right (BCVR - pre-acq intra-group -> NCI) and the goodwill figure flows correctly. 这是每道合并题的主线。你会被要求(1)做 购买分析 并计算商誉;(2)写出 购买日抵销分录;(3)编制或补全一张5列 工作底稿;以及(4)证明你理解分录 从不结转 -- 因此一份第2年的答案若忘记把往期利润改计入 期初留存收益 (ORE),就会大量丢分。把顺序弄对(BCVR→购买日抵销→集团内部→NCI),商誉数字就会顺势正确流出。
• 后续：若分类为负债，每期 FV 变动进 P&L；若分类为权益，不重估；后续变化不重开 goodwill（AASB 3.58）。[7]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdfOften part of the price is contingent - an earn-out payable only if the acquiree hits future targets. It is part of the consideration and so feeds goodwill. ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups 对价中往往有一部分是 或有的 -- 即仅当被收购方达到未来目标时才支付的对赌款(earn-out)。它属于对价的一部分,因 此计入商誉。 1 At acquisition date, include the contingent consideration in the consideration transferred at its acquisition- date fair value AASB 3. 39 - e. g. the probability-weighted, discounted expected payout. This FV is locked into the goodwill calculation. 在购买日,按其 购买日公允价值 把或有对价计入转移对价 AASB 3. 39 - -例如概率加权、折现后的预期支付额。该公允价 值被锁入 商誉 计算。 2 Classify it: an obligation to pay cash/assets is a liability; an obligation to issue a fixed number of the acquirer's shares is usually equity AASB 3. 40 3. 40 对其分类:支付 现金/资产 的义务是一项 负债;发行 固定数量收购方股份 的义务通常是 权益 AASB 3. 40 3 Subsequent changes AASB 3. 58 - a liability-classified earn-out is remeasured to FV each period with changes in profit or loss; equity-classified is not remeasured. Either way, goodwill is not re-opened for these later changes. 后续变动 AASB 3. 58 -- 分类为 负债 的对赌款每期重新计量为公允价值,变动计入 损益;分类为 权益 的 不重新计量。 无论哪种,商誉都不因这些后续变动而重新打开。 ! Do not confuse remeasurement with the measurement period 不要把重新计量与计量期混为一谈 Within the 12-month measurement period AASB 3. 45-50 , new information about facts that existed at acquisition date is applied retrospectively - it adjusts FVINA and goodwill. By contrast, a change in a contingent-consideration liability driven by post-acquisition events (the target was or wasn't met) goes to P&L and leaves goodwill untouched. Decide which one the facts describe before you touch goodwill. 在 12 个月计量期 内 AASB 3. 45-50 ,关于 购买日已存在事实的新信息 应 追溯 应用 -- 它调整 FVINA 和商誉。相比 之下,由 购买日后 事件驱动的或有对价负债变动(目标达成或未达成)计入P&L,而商誉不变。在动商誉之前,先判 定事实描述的是哪一种情形。 ★ The one-line summary of Chapter 3 第3章的一句话总结 Identify acquirer & date - measure identifiable net assets at FV net of tax - add consideration + NCI + prior interest - residual is goodwill (capitalise, impairment-test) or, if negative, reassess then book a gain. Carry that, and the net-of-tax discipline, into every worksheet. 识别收购方和日期 →按 税后 公允价值计量可辨认净资产 → 加上对价 + NCI+先前权益→余额为商誉(资本化,作 减值测试),若为负则重新评估后确认一笔收益。把这条以及税后原则带进每一份工作底稿。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups CORE A . PRINCIPLES - CORE CHAPTER A AASB 10 . AASB 3 . THE HEART OF THE EXAM Consolidation & the worksheet method 合并与工作底稿法 How a parent and its subsidiaries become one reporting entity - on paper, not in the ledgers 母公司及其子公司如何成为一个报告主体 -- 在纸面上,而非在分类账中 A group is not a legal entity - it is an accounting fiction built every reporting date. Each company keeps its own general ledger; consolidation happens entirely on a worksheet that aggregates the separate trial balances and then adjusts them so the group reports as if it were a single economic entity. Master the worksheet mechanics and the two governing principles and every later topic - FVAs, intra-group, NCI - is just more adjustment rows. 集团并非一个法律实体 -- 它是每个报告日重新搭建的 会计拟制。各公司各自保留自己的总账;合并完全在 工作底稿 上进 行,将各自独立的试算平衡表汇总,再加以调整,使集团犹如单一经济实体般对外报告。掌握工作底稿的运作机制和两条统驭 原则,之后的每个主题 -- 公允价值调整、集团内部交易、NCI -- 都只是更多的调整行而已。 ★ What the exam asks here 考试在此处考什么 This is the spine of every consolidation question. You will be asked to (1) run the acquisition analysis and compute goodwill; (2) write the pre-acquisition elimination entry; (3) build or complete a 5-column worksheet; and (4) demonstrate you understand that entries are never carried forward - so a year-2 answer that forgets to redirect prior-period profit to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE) loses heavy marks. Get the ordering right (BCVR - pre-acq intra-group -> NCI) and the goodwill figure flows correctly. 这是每道合并题的主线。你会被要求(1)做 购买分析 并计算商誉;(2)写出 购买日抵销分录;(3)编制或补全一张5列 工作底稿;以及(4)证明你理解分录 从不结转 -- 因此一份第2年的答案若忘记把往期利润改计入 期初留存收益 (ORE),就会大量丢分。把顺序弄对(BCVR→购买日抵销→集团内部→NCI),商誉数字就会顺势正确流出。
• 别混淆：12 个月 measurement period 的追溯调整（影响 goodwill） vs 购买日后的事项导致的重估（进损益，不动 goodwill）。[7]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdfOften part of the price is contingent - an earn-out payable only if the acquiree hits future targets. It is part of the consideration and so feeds goodwill. ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups 对价中往往有一部分是 或有的 -- 即仅当被收购方达到未来目标时才支付的对赌款(earn-out)。它属于对价的一部分,因 此计入商誉。 1 At acquisition date, include the contingent consideration in the consideration transferred at its acquisition- date fair value AASB 3. 39 - e. g. the probability-weighted, discounted expected payout. This FV is locked into the goodwill calculation. 在购买日,按其 购买日公允价值 把或有对价计入转移对价 AASB 3. 39 - -例如概率加权、折现后的预期支付额。该公允价 值被锁入 商誉 计算。 2 Classify it: an obligation to pay cash/assets is a liability; an obligation to issue a fixed number of the acquirer's shares is usually equity AASB 3. 40 3. 40 对其分类:支付 现金/资产 的义务是一项 负债;发行 固定数量收购方股份 的义务通常是 权益 AASB 3. 40 3 Subsequent changes AASB 3. 58 - a liability-classified earn-out is remeasured to FV each period with changes in profit or loss; equity-classified is not remeasured. Either way, goodwill is not re-opened for these later changes. 后续变动 AASB 3. 58 -- 分类为 负债 的对赌款每期重新计量为公允价值,变动计入 损益;分类为 权益 的 不重新计量。 无论哪种,商誉都不因这些后续变动而重新打开。 ! Do not confuse remeasurement with the measurement period 不要把重新计量与计量期混为一谈 Within the 12-month measurement period AASB 3. 45-50 , new information about facts that existed at acquisition date is applied retrospectively - it adjusts FVINA and goodwill. By contrast, a change in a contingent-consideration liability driven by post-acquisition events (the target was or wasn't met) goes to P&L and leaves goodwill untouched. Decide which one the facts describe before you touch goodwill. 在 12 个月计量期 内 AASB 3. 45-50 ,关于 购买日已存在事实的新信息 应 追溯 应用 -- 它调整 FVINA 和商誉。相比 之下,由 购买日后 事件驱动的或有对价负债变动(目标达成或未达成)计入P&L,而商誉不变。在动商誉之前,先判 定事实描述的是哪一种情形。 ★ The one-line summary of Chapter 3 第3章的一句话总结 Identify acquirer & date - measure identifiable net assets at FV net of tax - add consideration + NCI + prior interest - residual is goodwill (capitalise, impairment-test) or, if negative, reassess then book a gain. Carry that, and the net-of-tax discipline, into every worksheet. 识别收购方和日期 →按 税后 公允价值计量可辨认净资产 → 加上对价 + NCI+先前权益→余额为商誉(资本化,作 减值测试),若为负则重新评估后确认一笔收益。把这条以及税后原则带进每一份工作底稿。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups CORE A . PRINCIPLES - CORE CHAPTER A AASB 10 . AASB 3 . THE HEART OF THE EXAM Consolidation & the worksheet method 合并与工作底稿法 How a parent and its subsidiaries become one reporting entity - on paper, not in the ledgers 母公司及其子公司如何成为一个报告主体 -- 在纸面上,而非在分类账中 A group is not a legal entity - it is an accounting fiction built every reporting date. Each company keeps its own general ledger; consolidation happens entirely on a worksheet that aggregates the separate trial balances and then adjusts them so the group reports as if it were a single economic entity. Master the worksheet mechanics and the two governing principles and every later topic - FVAs, intra-group, NCI - is just more adjustment rows. 集团并非一个法律实体 -- 它是每个报告日重新搭建的 会计拟制。各公司各自保留自己的总账;合并完全在 工作底稿 上进 行,将各自独立的试算平衡表汇总,再加以调整,使集团犹如单一经济实体般对外报告。掌握工作底稿的运作机制和两条统驭 原则,之后的每个主题 -- 公允价值调整、集团内部交易、NCI -- 都只是更多的调整行而已。 ★ What the exam asks here 考试在此处考什么 This is the spine of every consolidation question. You will be asked to (1) run the acquisition analysis and compute goodwill; (2) write the pre-acquisition elimination entry; (3) build or complete a 5-column worksheet; and (4) demonstrate you understand that entries are never carried forward - so a year-2 answer that forgets to redirect prior-period profit to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE) loses heavy marks. Get the ordering right (BCVR - pre-acq intra-group -> NCI) and the goodwill figure flows correctly. 这是每道合并题的主线。你会被要求(1)做 购买分析 并计算商誉;(2)写出 购买日抵销分录;(3)编制或补全一张5列 工作底稿;以及(4)证明你理解分录 从不结转 -- 因此一份第2年的答案若忘记把往期利润改计入 期初留存收益 (ORE),就会大量丢分。把顺序弄对(BCVR→购买日抵销→集团内部→NCI),商誉数字就会顺势正确流出。[22]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEACH YEAR - REALISE VIA DEP'N Dr Depreciation exp 20 (100:5) Cr Accum depreciation 20 Dr DTL 6 (20×30%) Cr Income tax exp 6 YEAR 3 (2 PRIOR YRS IN ORE) Dr Depreciation exp 20 (current) Dr Opening RE 40 (prior 2 yrs) Cr Accum depreciation 60 Dr DTL 18 Cr Income tax exp 6 Cr Opening RE 12 The FVA + DTL recognition entry stays the SAME every year; the depreciation realisation grows cumulatively & splits current(P&L)/prior(ORE). The DTL unwinds as the asset depreciates. 4c . Contingent Liability AASB 3. 23 Group recognises a contingent liability that is a present obligation with reliably measurable FV - even if outflow is not probable (narrower than AASB 137). Liability = DTA. Dr BCVR 1,000 Cr Provision for damages 1,000 Dr Deferred Tax Asset 300 Cr BCVR 300 Measurement period [3. 45-50]: within 12 months of DOA, new info about facts existing at DOA is applied retrospectively (adjusts FVA & goodwill). After 12 months => goodwill & pre-acq entry unchanged; the difference is a current-period gain/loss. Worked: the $1,000 provision settles for $1,150. If within 12 months & the facts existed at DOA => restate FVA & goodwill by $150. If after 12 months => goodwill unchanged; the extra $150 is a current-period loss . Side-1 Belt MEMORISE Control = power + variable returns + link Goodwill = Consid + NCI + prior int - FVINA FVINA = equity@DOA ± FVAx(1-0. 30) BCVR = FVAx(1-t) . DTL/DTA = FVAxt Pre-acq: Dr equity@DOA + Goodwill / Cr Invt FVA dep'n = increment + remaining life FVA dep'n tax reversal = dep'n x 0. 30 GOBP = FVINA - Consideration (if positive) Order: AA - BCVR+tax - pre-acq + intra + NCI Prior-period effect - Opening RE Closed-book exam . distil onto your handwritten A4 . check your unit outline . @ 2026 flip + for eliminations, NCI, cash flow & breadth asksia. ai/cheatsheet/ usyd-acct6010 . side 1/2 AskSia STUDY SHEET SERIES

4）Topic C：BCVR（FVA + tax）& “Year 2+ ORE 改道” —全课最“杀分点”

• 确认分录（recognition entry）每一年都重复全额出现，不结转。[5]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdfPlant 600 Restate to gross at FV before uplift Dr Plant 400 BCVR 280 Deferred tax liability 120 Recognise FV increment, net of tax (400 x 30% = 120) - SAME every year Dr Depreciation expense 80 Dr Opening retained earnings Accumulated depreciation - plant 160 Extra dep'n: current 20×6 (P&L) + prior 20×5 (ORE); cumulative 160 Dr Deferred tax liability 48 Income tax expense 24 Opening retained earnings DTL unwinds on the dep'n: 160 x 30% = 48, split current/prior 1 The recognition entry never changes. Full $400 increment + full $120 DTL re-appear every consolidation year - entries don't carry forward. 确认分录从不改变。整笔$400 增值+ 整笔 $120 DTL 在每个合并年度重新出现 -- 分录不结转。 2 The depreciation grows and splits. Cumulative extra dep'n $160 = current $80 (Depreciation expense) + prior $80 (ORE). 折旧增长并拆分。累计额外折旧 $160=当年 $80(折旧费用)+往年 $80 (ORE)。 3 The DTL shrinks. As the increment depreciates, the temporary difference falls; the DTL release of $48 is split $24 current ITE / $24 ORE. DTL 缩减。随着增值被折旧,暂时性差异下降;DTL 释放的 $48 拆分为当年 $24 ITE / 往年 $24 ORE。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups ! The split is where marks leak 划分正是漏分之处 In year 3+ students dump the whole catch-up into the current year. Rule: current-year depreciation hits the P&L line; all prior years are aggregated into ORE. Mirror the same split on the tax leg. 在第 3年及以后,同学们会把整笔追补塞进当年。规则:当年 折旧计入 P&L 行;全部往年 汇总入 ORE。税腿上作同 样的拆分。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups PRACTICE . FULL CONSOLIDATION - PRACTICE BANK (CONT. ) Full consolidation worksheet 完整合并工作底稿[11]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf18,000 Steps A-C - clear the sub's accumulated depreciation (show plant at gross FV), then raise the $60,000 uplift net of tax. Constant every consolidation year. 160,000 Business combination valuation reserve 42,000 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups i Why write back accumulated depreciation first? 为何要先转回累计折旧? Restating to fair value means the asset should appear at its FV with a fresh depreciation base. Writing back the sub's $160,000 accumulated depreciation shows the plant gross before the FVA uplift; the group then depreciates the FV increment over the remaining life. This block carries no P&L effect - only the depreciation catch-up below does. 重述为公允价值意味着该资产应以其公允价值列示,并带一个 全新 的折旧基础。转回子公司的 $160,000 累计折旧,是 在 FVA 增值之前以总额列示该设备;集团随后在 剩余 寿命内对该公允价值增值计提折旧。此区块本身不产生 P&L 影 响 -- 只有下面的折旧追补才产生。 B. 8 Step D - realising the FVA (Year 1, FY2025) B. 8 D 步 -- 实现 FVA(第1年,FY2025) The $60,000 increment is consumed over 5 years - $12,000 extra depreciation a year, and the DTL unwinds by $12,000×30% = $3,600 a year. $60,000 的增值在 5 年内被消耗→ 每年 $12,000 的额外折旧,而 DTL 每年转回 $12,000×30% =$3,600。 Dr Depreciation expense 12,000 Accumulated depreciation - plant 12,000 Dr Deferred tax liability 3,600 Income tax expense 3,600 FY2025 - first year. Extra depreciation on the FV increment ($60,000 / 5); the DTL unwinds ($12,000 x 30%) crediting income tax expense. ✓ Track the BCVR as it realises 追踪 BCVR 随其实现的过程 After Year 1 the $42,000 after-tax BCVR has begun converting into realised retained earnings: $12,000 dep'n - $3,600 tax = $8,400 after-tax hit to this year's profit. Over 5 years the full $42,000 is realised and the DTL falls from $18,000 to nil. The recognition entry stays at the full $60,000 / $42,000 / $18,000 every year - only the catch- up moves. 第1年之后,$42,000 的税后 BCVR 已开始转化为已实现的留存收益:$12,000 折旧-$3,600 税= 对本年利润 $8,400 的税后影响。5年内全部 $42,000 实现,DTL 从 $18,000 降至零。确认分录每年都停留在 $60,000 / $42,000 / $18,000 的全额 -- 只有追补在移动。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups CORE B . ROLL - FORWARD CORE CHAPTER B (CONT. ) Year 2+ - the ORE redirect 第2年及以后––ORE 改道 Where prior-year depreciation goes once it is no longer this year's profit 当往年折旧不再是本年利润时,它去往何处 Here is the most-tested mechanic in the whole unit. Last year's extra depreciation reduced last year's closing retained earnings - which is this year's opening retained earnings. The worksheet doesn't remember it, so we re-create the cumulative effect, with the prior-year portion routed to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE) and only the current year hitting depreciation expense. 这是整门课中考得最多的机制。去年的额外折旧减少了去年的 期末 留存收益 -- 也就是今年的 期初 留存收益。工作底稿不 记得它,所以我们要重建这一累积影响,把 往年部分计入期初留存收益(ORE),而仅 当年 部分计入折旧费用。 -
• 实现分录（realisation：折旧/成本消耗）会累积增长，并拆分：当年进 P&L，往年汇总进 ORE；税腿同样要拆。[5]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdfPlant 600 Restate to gross at FV before uplift Dr Plant 400 BCVR 280 Deferred tax liability 120 Recognise FV increment, net of tax (400 x 30% = 120) - SAME every year Dr Depreciation expense 80 Dr Opening retained earnings Accumulated depreciation - plant 160 Extra dep'n: current 20×6 (P&L) + prior 20×5 (ORE); cumulative 160 Dr Deferred tax liability 48 Income tax expense 24 Opening retained earnings DTL unwinds on the dep'n: 160 x 30% = 48, split current/prior 1 The recognition entry never changes. Full $400 increment + full $120 DTL re-appear every consolidation year - entries don't carry forward. 确认分录从不改变。整笔$400 增值+ 整笔 $120 DTL 在每个合并年度重新出现 -- 分录不结转。 2 The depreciation grows and splits. Cumulative extra dep'n $160 = current $80 (Depreciation expense) + prior $80 (ORE). 折旧增长并拆分。累计额外折旧 $160=当年 $80(折旧费用)+往年 $80 (ORE)。 3 The DTL shrinks. As the increment depreciates, the temporary difference falls; the DTL release of $48 is split $24 current ITE / $24 ORE. DTL 缩减。随着增值被折旧,暂时性差异下降;DTL 释放的 $48 拆分为当年 $24 ITE / 往年 $24 ORE。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups ! The split is where marks leak 划分正是漏分之处 In year 3+ students dump the whole catch-up into the current year. Rule: current-year depreciation hits the P&L line; all prior years are aggregated into ORE. Mirror the same split on the tax leg. 在第 3年及以后,同学们会把整笔追补塞进当年。规则:当年 折旧计入 P&L 行;全部往年 汇总入 ORE。税腿上作同 样的拆分。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups PRACTICE . FULL CONSOLIDATION - PRACTICE BANK (CONT. ) Full consolidation worksheet 完整合并工作底稿[11]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf18,000 Steps A-C - clear the sub's accumulated depreciation (show plant at gross FV), then raise the $60,000 uplift net of tax. Constant every consolidation year. 160,000 Business combination valuation reserve 42,000 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups i Why write back accumulated depreciation first? 为何要先转回累计折旧? Restating to fair value means the asset should appear at its FV with a fresh depreciation base. Writing back the sub's $160,000 accumulated depreciation shows the plant gross before the FVA uplift; the group then depreciates the FV increment over the remaining life. This block carries no P&L effect - only the depreciation catch-up below does. 重述为公允价值意味着该资产应以其公允价值列示,并带一个 全新 的折旧基础。转回子公司的 $160,000 累计折旧,是 在 FVA 增值之前以总额列示该设备;集团随后在 剩余 寿命内对该公允价值增值计提折旧。此区块本身不产生 P&L 影 响 -- 只有下面的折旧追补才产生。 B. 8 Step D - realising the FVA (Year 1, FY2025) B. 8 D 步 -- 实现 FVA(第1年,FY2025) The $60,000 increment is consumed over 5 years - $12,000 extra depreciation a year, and the DTL unwinds by $12,000×30% = $3,600 a year. $60,000 的增值在 5 年内被消耗→ 每年 $12,000 的额外折旧,而 DTL 每年转回 $12,000×30% =$3,600。 Dr Depreciation expense 12,000 Accumulated depreciation - plant 12,000 Dr Deferred tax liability 3,600 Income tax expense 3,600 FY2025 - first year. Extra depreciation on the FV increment ($60,000 / 5); the DTL unwinds ($12,000 x 30%) crediting income tax expense. ✓ Track the BCVR as it realises 追踪 BCVR 随其实现的过程 After Year 1 the $42,000 after-tax BCVR has begun converting into realised retained earnings: $12,000 dep'n - $3,600 tax = $8,400 after-tax hit to this year's profit. Over 5 years the full $42,000 is realised and the DTL falls from $18,000 to nil. The recognition entry stays at the full $60,000 / $42,000 / $18,000 every year - only the catch- up moves. 第1年之后,$42,000 的税后 BCVR 已开始转化为已实现的留存收益:$12,000 折旧-$3,600 税= 对本年利润 $8,400 的税后影响。5年内全部 $42,000 实现,DTL 从 $18,000 降至零。确认分录每年都停留在 $60,000 / $42,000 / $18,000 的全额 -- 只有追补在移动。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups CORE B . ROLL - FORWARD CORE CHAPTER B (CONT. ) Year 2+ - the ORE redirect 第2年及以后––ORE 改道 Where prior-year depreciation goes once it is no longer this year's profit 当往年折旧不再是本年利润时,它去往何处 Here is the most-tested mechanic in the whole unit. Last year's extra depreciation reduced last year's closing retained earnings - which is this year's opening retained earnings. The worksheet doesn't remember it, so we re-create the cumulative effect, with the prior-year portion routed to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE) and only the current year hitting depreciation expense. 这是整门课中考得最多的机制。去年的额外折旧减少了去年的 期末 留存收益 -- 也就是今年的 期初 留存收益。工作底稿不 记得它,所以我们要重建这一累积影响,把 往年部分计入期初留存收益(ORE),而仅 当年 部分计入折旧费用。 -

• 因为重述到 FV 要让资产以 FV 的“新基础”呈现：先把子公司的 accumulated depreciation 转回，让资产回到 gross，再加 FV uplift；这个块本身不进 P&L，真正影响损益的是之后的额外折旧追补。[11]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf18,000 Steps A-C - clear the sub's accumulated depreciation (show plant at gross FV), then raise the $60,000 uplift net of tax. Constant every consolidation year. 160,000 Business combination valuation reserve 42,000 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups i Why write back accumulated depreciation first? 为何要先转回累计折旧? Restating to fair value means the asset should appear at its FV with a fresh depreciation base. Writing back the sub's $160,000 accumulated depreciation shows the plant gross before the FVA uplift; the group then depreciates the FV increment over the remaining life. This block carries no P&L effect - only the depreciation catch-up below does. 重述为公允价值意味着该资产应以其公允价值列示,并带一个 全新 的折旧基础。转回子公司的 $160,000 累计折旧,是 在 FVA 增值之前以总额列示该设备;集团随后在 剩余 寿命内对该公允价值增值计提折旧。此区块本身不产生 P&L 影 响 -- 只有下面的折旧追补才产生。 B. 8 Step D - realising the FVA (Year 1, FY2025) B. 8 D 步 -- 实现 FVA(第1年,FY2025) The $60,000 increment is consumed over 5 years - $12,000 extra depreciation a year, and the DTL unwinds by $12,000×30% = $3,600 a year. $60,000 的增值在 5 年内被消耗→ 每年 $12,000 的额外折旧,而 DTL 每年转回 $12,000×30% =$3,600。 Dr Depreciation expense 12,000 Accumulated depreciation - plant 12,000 Dr Deferred tax liability 3,600 Income tax expense 3,600 FY2025 - first year. Extra depreciation on the FV increment ($60,000 / 5); the DTL unwinds ($12,000 x 30%) crediting income tax expense. ✓ Track the BCVR as it realises 追踪 BCVR 随其实现的过程 After Year 1 the $42,000 after-tax BCVR has begun converting into realised retained earnings: $12,000 dep'n - $3,600 tax = $8,400 after-tax hit to this year's profit. Over 5 years the full $42,000 is realised and the DTL falls from $18,000 to nil. The recognition entry stays at the full $60,000 / $42,000 / $18,000 every year - only the catch- up moves. 第1年之后,$42,000 的税后 BCVR 已开始转化为已实现的留存收益:$12,000 折旧-$3,600 税= 对本年利润 $8,400 的税后影响。5年内全部 $42,000 实现,DTL 从 $18,000 降至零。确认分录每年都停留在 $60,000 / $42,000 / $18,000 的全额 -- 只有追补在移动。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups CORE B . ROLL - FORWARD CORE CHAPTER B (CONT. ) Year 2+ - the ORE redirect 第2年及以后––ORE 改道 Where prior-year depreciation goes once it is no longer this year's profit 当往年折旧不再是本年利润时,它去往何处 Here is the most-tested mechanic in the whole unit. Last year's extra depreciation reduced last year's closing retained earnings - which is this year's opening retained earnings. The worksheet doesn't remember it, so we re-create the cumulative effect, with the prior-year portion routed to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE) and only the current year hitting depreciation expense. 这是整门课中考得最多的机制。去年的额外折旧减少了去年的 期末 留存收益 -- 也就是今年的 期初 留存收益。工作底稿不 记得它,所以我们要重建这一累积影响,把 往年部分计入期初留存收益(ORE),而仅 当年 部分计入折旧费用。 -

• 每年额外折旧：
  • $$\text{Extra dep'n per year}=\frac{\text{FV increment}}{\text{remaining life}}$$ （示例里把 $60,000$ 在 5 年摊，$12,000$/年）[11]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf18,000 Steps A-C - clear the sub's accumulated depreciation (show plant at gross FV), then raise the $60,000 uplift net of tax. Constant every consolidation year. 160,000 Business combination valuation reserve 42,000 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups i Why write back accumulated depreciation first? 为何要先转回累计折旧? Restating to fair value means the asset should appear at its FV with a fresh depreciation base. Writing back the sub's $160,000 accumulated depreciation shows the plant gross before the FVA uplift; the group then depreciates the FV increment over the remaining life. This block carries no P&L effect - only the depreciation catch-up below does. 重述为公允价值意味着该资产应以其公允价值列示,并带一个 全新 的折旧基础。转回子公司的 $160,000 累计折旧,是 在 FVA 增值之前以总额列示该设备;集团随后在 剩余 寿命内对该公允价值增值计提折旧。此区块本身不产生 P&L 影 响 -- 只有下面的折旧追补才产生。 B. 8 Step D - realising the FVA (Year 1, FY2025) B. 8 D 步 -- 实现 FVA(第1年,FY2025) The $60,000 increment is consumed over 5 years - $12,000 extra depreciation a year, and the DTL unwinds by $12,000×30% = $3,600 a year. $60,000 的增值在 5 年内被消耗→ 每年 $12,000 的额外折旧,而 DTL 每年转回 $12,000×30% =$3,600。 Dr Depreciation expense 12,000 Accumulated depreciation - plant 12,000 Dr Deferred tax liability 3,600 Income tax expense 3,600 FY2025 - first year. Extra depreciation on the FV increment ($60,000 / 5); the DTL unwinds ($12,000 x 30%) crediting income tax expense. ✓ Track the BCVR as it realises 追踪 BCVR 随其实现的过程 After Year 1 the $42,000 after-tax BCVR has begun converting into realised retained earnings: $12,000 dep'n - $3,600 tax = $8,400 after-tax hit to this year's profit. Over 5 years the full $42,000 is realised and the DTL falls from $18,000 to nil. The recognition entry stays at the full $60,000 / $42,000 / $18,000 every year - only the catch- up moves. 第1年之后,$42,000 的税后 BCVR 已开始转化为已实现的留存收益:$12,000 折旧-$3,600 税= 对本年利润 $8,400 的税后影响。5年内全部 $42,000 实现,DTL 从 $18,000 降至零。确认分录每年都停留在 $60,000 / $42,000 / $18,000 的全额 -- 只有追补在移动。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups CORE B . ROLL - FORWARD CORE CHAPTER B (CONT. ) Year 2+ - the ORE redirect 第2年及以后––ORE 改道 Where prior-year depreciation goes once it is no longer this year's profit 当往年折旧不再是本年利润时,它去往何处 Here is the most-tested mechanic in the whole unit. Last year's extra depreciation reduced last year's closing retained earnings - which is this year's opening retained earnings. The worksheet doesn't remember it, so we re-create the cumulative effect, with the prior-year portion routed to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE) and only the current year hitting depreciation expense. 这是整门课中考得最多的机制。去年的额外折旧减少了去年的 期末 留存收益 -- 也就是今年的 期初 留存收益。工作底稿不 记得它,所以我们要重建这一累积影响,把 往年部分计入期初留存收益(ORE),而仅 当年 部分计入折旧费用。 -
• 税腿（DTL unwind）：
  • $$\text{DTL unwind}=\text{Extra dep'n}\times 30%$$ （示例 $12,000\times 30%=3,600$）[11]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf18,000 Steps A-C - clear the sub's accumulated depreciation (show plant at gross FV), then raise the $60,000 uplift net of tax. Constant every consolidation year. 160,000 Business combination valuation reserve 42,000 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups i Why write back accumulated depreciation first? 为何要先转回累计折旧? Restating to fair value means the asset should appear at its FV with a fresh depreciation base. Writing back the sub's $160,000 accumulated depreciation shows the plant gross before the FVA uplift; the group then depreciates the FV increment over the remaining life. This block carries no P&L effect - only the depreciation catch-up below does. 重述为公允价值意味着该资产应以其公允价值列示,并带一个 全新 的折旧基础。转回子公司的 $160,000 累计折旧,是 在 FVA 增值之前以总额列示该设备;集团随后在 剩余 寿命内对该公允价值增值计提折旧。此区块本身不产生 P&L 影 响 -- 只有下面的折旧追补才产生。 B. 8 Step D - realising the FVA (Year 1, FY2025) B. 8 D 步 -- 实现 FVA(第1年,FY2025) The $60,000 increment is consumed over 5 years - $12,000 extra depreciation a year, and the DTL unwinds by $12,000×30% = $3,600 a year. $60,000 的增值在 5 年内被消耗→ 每年 $12,000 的额外折旧,而 DTL 每年转回 $12,000×30% =$3,600。 Dr Depreciation expense 12,000 Accumulated depreciation - plant 12,000 Dr Deferred tax liability 3,600 Income tax expense 3,600 FY2025 - first year. Extra depreciation on the FV increment ($60,000 / 5); the DTL unwinds ($12,000 x 30%) crediting income tax expense. ✓ Track the BCVR as it realises 追踪 BCVR 随其实现的过程 After Year 1 the $42,000 after-tax BCVR has begun converting into realised retained earnings: $12,000 dep'n - $3,600 tax = $8,400 after-tax hit to this year's profit. Over 5 years the full $42,000 is realised and the DTL falls from $18,000 to nil. The recognition entry stays at the full $60,000 / $42,000 / $18,000 every year - only the catch- up moves. 第1年之后,$42,000 的税后 BCVR 已开始转化为已实现的留存收益:$12,000 折旧-$3,600 税= 对本年利润 $8,400 的税后影响。5年内全部 $42,000 实现,DTL 从 $18,000 降至零。确认分录每年都停留在 $60,000 / $42,000 / $18,000 的全额 -- 只有追补在移动。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups CORE B . ROLL - FORWARD CORE CHAPTER B (CONT. ) Year 2+ - the ORE redirect 第2年及以后––ORE 改道 Where prior-year depreciation goes once it is no longer this year's profit 当往年折旧不再是本年利润时,它去往何处 Here is the most-tested mechanic in the whole unit. Last year's extra depreciation reduced last year's closing retained earnings - which is this year's opening retained earnings. The worksheet doesn't remember it, so we re-create the cumulative effect, with the prior-year portion routed to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE) and only the current year hitting depreciation expense. 这是整门课中考得最多的机制。去年的额外折旧减少了去年的 期末 留存收益 -- 也就是今年的 期初 留存收益。工作底稿不 记得它,所以我们要重建这一累积影响,把 往年部分计入期初留存收益(ORE),而仅 当年 部分计入折旧费用。 -

5）Topic D：Intra-group eliminations（集团内部抵销）—三条金律 + 五类交易

• 1. 先消交易本身（收入/费用或余额）
• 1. 再消资产里“未实现利润（UPP）”
• 1. 对第 2 步确认税的时间性差异（30%）（未实现利润抵销会产生暂时性差异，常见结果：DTA）[20]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfasksia. ai/cheatsheet/ usyd-acct6010 . side 1/2 AskSia STUDY SHEET SERIES TAX 30% . $000 BOOKS GOODWILL Compiled by AskSia . mapped to the ACCT6010 syllabus . asksia. ai/cheatsheet/usyd-acct6010 Control (AASB 10) . Acquisition method & goodwill (AASB 3) . The worksheet . Pre-acq elimination . FVA/BCVR + 30% tax · Equity method — ACCT6010 Financial Reporting for Business Groups UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY . BUSINESS SCHOOL EXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 2 OF 2 . Eliminations > Breadth Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% 5 . Intra-Group C5 . AASB 10. B86(C) CFS show only external transactions. Eliminate intra- group items in full, regardless of % (full amount even for partly-owned subs; only the unrealised-profit portion later affects NCI). Downstream = parent->sub; upstream = sub-> parent. 3 GOLDEN RULES 1. Eliminate the transaction (its revenue & expense / the balance) 2. Eliminate unrealised profit held inside an asset's carrying amount 3. Recognise the tax timing difference on (2) @ 30% Profit is unrealised until the asset is sold externally (inventory/land) or consumed via depreciation (PPE). The unrealised-profit elimination creates a temporary difference = a DTA (group asset carrying amount < its tax base). The 5 types: (1) inventory, (2) NCA - land & PPE, (3) dividends, (4) loans & interest, (5) fees. Only (1)&(2) carry unrealised profit; (3)-(5) have no profit, tax or NCI effect. NO-PROFIT TRANSACTIONS

• (1) inventory
• (2) non-current assets：land & PPE
• (3) dividends
• (4) loans & interest
• (5) fees
• 只有 (1)(2) 会带来未实现利润 → 才会有税与（可能的）NCI 影响；(3)-(5) 无利润、无税、无 NCI 效应。[20]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfasksia. ai/cheatsheet/ usyd-acct6010 . side 1/2 AskSia STUDY SHEET SERIES TAX 30% . $000 BOOKS GOODWILL Compiled by AskSia . mapped to the ACCT6010 syllabus . asksia. ai/cheatsheet/usyd-acct6010 Control (AASB 10) . Acquisition method & goodwill (AASB 3) . The worksheet . Pre-acq elimination . FVA/BCVR + 30% tax · Equity method — ACCT6010 Financial Reporting for Business Groups UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY . BUSINESS SCHOOL EXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 2 OF 2 . Eliminations > Breadth Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% 5 . Intra-Group C5 . AASB 10. B86(C) CFS show only external transactions. Eliminate intra- group items in full, regardless of % (full amount even for partly-owned subs; only the unrealised-profit portion later affects NCI). Downstream = parent->sub; upstream = sub-> parent. 3 GOLDEN RULES 1. Eliminate the transaction (its revenue & expense / the balance) 2. Eliminate unrealised profit held inside an asset's carrying amount 3. Recognise the tax timing difference on (2) @ 30% Profit is unrealised until the asset is sold externally (inventory/land) or consumed via depreciation (PPE). The unrealised-profit elimination creates a temporary difference = a DTA (group asset carrying amount < its tax base). The 5 types: (1) inventory, (2) NCA - land & PPE, (3) dividends, (4) loans & interest, (5) fees. Only (1)&(2) carry unrealised profit; (3)-(5) have no profit, tax or NCI effect. NO-PROFIT TRANSACTIONS

• 下游：parent → sub；上游：sub → parent。[20]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfasksia. ai/cheatsheet/ usyd-acct6010 . side 1/2 AskSia STUDY SHEET SERIES TAX 30% . $000 BOOKS GOODWILL Compiled by AskSia . mapped to the ACCT6010 syllabus . asksia. ai/cheatsheet/usyd-acct6010 Control (AASB 10) . Acquisition method & goodwill (AASB 3) . The worksheet . Pre-acq elimination . FVA/BCVR + 30% tax · Equity method — ACCT6010 Financial Reporting for Business Groups UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY . BUSINESS SCHOOL EXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 2 OF 2 . Eliminations > Breadth Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% 5 . Intra-Group C5 . AASB 10. B86(C) CFS show only external transactions. Eliminate intra- group items in full, regardless of % (full amount even for partly-owned subs; only the unrealised-profit portion later affects NCI). Downstream = parent->sub; upstream = sub-> parent. 3 GOLDEN RULES 1. Eliminate the transaction (its revenue & expense / the balance) 2. Eliminate unrealised profit held inside an asset's carrying amount 3. Recognise the tax timing difference on (2) @ 30% Profit is unrealised until the asset is sold externally (inventory/land) or consumed via depreciation (PPE). The unrealised-profit elimination creates a temporary difference = a DTA (group asset carrying amount < its tax base). The 5 types: (1) inventory, (2) NCA - land & PPE, (3) dividends, (4) loans & interest, (5) fees. Only (1)&(2) carry unrealised profit; (3)-(5) have no profit, tax or NCI effect. NO-PROFIT TRANSACTIONS
• 很常见的错法：把 NCI 按“整笔内部销售额”去调，或对 downstream 的 UPP 调 NCI；材料明确提醒：NCI 只对 unrealised-profit elimination 调整，不对 gross 交易额调整（并且“upstream 才通常影响 NCI”是高频陷阱点）。[30]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEquity@DOA 700 + BCVR 70 = 770 Step1 = 25% x 770 = 192. 5 Step2 = 25% x ARE (DOA-start yr) say 120 = 30 Step3 = 25% x current profit 160 (post-adjust) = 40 Less NCI div = 25% × 80 = (20) NCI in SoFP = 192. 5 + 30 + 40 - 20 = 242. 5 Full vs partial here: under the full method add NCI's share of goodwill into Step 1; goodwill impairment is then split between PI & NCI (AASB 136 IE 7B). Under partial, impairment of the parent's goodwill hits PI only - a key reason the two methods give different NCI & group profit. Preference shares held outside the group & classified as equity form part of NCI; the parent's profit share is adjusted for cumulative preference dividends [10. B95]. AASB 12 requires per-subsidiary NCI disclosures where the NCI is material. SIA > Build NCI as a three-row memorandum, by equity component, on the adjusted sub equity (after-tax FVAs in, upstream UPP out) - never apply NCI% to a raw, un-adjusted profit, and remember to deduct NCI's share of sub dividends. 6b . NCI & Intra- UPSTREAM ONLY Group · NCI is adjusted only for the unrealised-profit elimination , never the gross transaction · Sub dividends: parent's share eliminated intra- group; NCI's share reduces the NCI balance · Negative NCI - losses allocated proportionately even if NCI goes negative [10. B94] Trap (very common): students adjust NCI for the full intra-group sale, or for downstream UPP. Rule: NCI shares UPP only on upstream (and the sub's own) transactions. 7 . Consolidated Cash Flow C7 . AASB 107 Cash = on hand + demand deposits; equivalents = short-term (≤3 mo), liquid, insignificant risk. Three classes [107. 10]: Operating, Investing, Financing. Direct or indirect [. 18]; if direct, AU still needs a profit->CFO reconciliation [1054. 16]. GROUP ISSUE: ACQUIRING A SUB MID-YEAR CASH TO ACQUIRE A SUB (INVESTING) = Cash consideration - cash & equivalents acquired WITH the sub (net outflow if cash paid > cash acquired) When reconstructing notional consolidated ledgers (AR, inventory, payables, PPE, tax), add the sub's opening balances as an "acquisition effect" so they aren't mistaken for operating flows. RECEIPTS (E. G. AR)[20]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfasksia. ai/cheatsheet/ usyd-acct6010 . side 1/2 AskSia STUDY SHEET SERIES TAX 30% . $000 BOOKS GOODWILL Compiled by AskSia . mapped to the ACCT6010 syllabus . asksia. ai/cheatsheet/usyd-acct6010 Control (AASB 10) . Acquisition method & goodwill (AASB 3) . The worksheet . Pre-acq elimination . FVA/BCVR + 30% tax · Equity method — ACCT6010 Financial Reporting for Business Groups UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY . BUSINESS SCHOOL EXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 2 OF 2 . Eliminations > Breadth Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% 5 . Intra-Group C5 . AASB 10. B86(C) CFS show only external transactions. Eliminate intra- group items in full, regardless of % (full amount even for partly-owned subs; only the unrealised-profit portion later affects NCI). Downstream = parent->sub; upstream = sub-> parent. 3 GOLDEN RULES 1. Eliminate the transaction (its revenue & expense / the balance) 2. Eliminate unrealised profit held inside an asset's carrying amount 3. Recognise the tax timing difference on (2) @ 30% Profit is unrealised until the asset is sold externally (inventory/land) or consumed via depreciation (PPE). The unrealised-profit elimination creates a temporary difference = a DTA (group asset carrying amount < its tax base). The 5 types: (1) inventory, (2) NCA - land & PPE, (3) dividends, (4) loans & interest, (5) fees. Only (1)&(2) carry unrealised profit; (3)-(5) have no profit, tax or NCI effect. NO-PROFIT TRANSACTIONS

6）Topic E：NCI（非控股权益）—三步备查（memorandum），不是乱套比例

• NCI 是集团权益的一部分，不是负债；合并报表仍呈现子公司 100% 的 A/L/I/E，只是在权益端分为 Parent interest + NCI。[8]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf★ One sentence to carry into the exam 带进考场的一句话 Almost every consolidation question is really asking: "is there control; what is goodwill; what must I add across then eliminate; and how does it roll forward?" If your worksheet walks that path - control - acquisition analysis - BCVR + tax - pre-acquisition elimination - intra-group - NCI - you are working like a group accountant, which is exactly what is marked. 几乎每道合并题真正在问的是:“是否存在控制;商誉是多少;我要先加总什么再抵销什么;以及它如何结转?”如果你 的工作底稿沿这条路径走 -- 控制→ 购买分析 → BCVR+ 税→ 购买日抵销分录 → 集团内部交易 → NCI -- 你就 是在像一名集团会计师那样工作,而这正是评分所要求的。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups CH 2 - CONTROL - CHAPTER 2 THE FRAMEWORK Why we consolidate - and when we must 为何要合并 -- 以及何时必须合并 The economic-entity concept, and the control test that triggers it 经济实体概念,以及触发它的控制测试 A parent and its subsidiaries are separate legal entities, but to a shareholder of the parent they are one economic entity - one pool of resources directed by one decision-maker. Consolidated financial statements present that single economic entity as if it were one company, so users are not misled by where assets and profits happen to sit legally. Everything in this unit is machinery for building those statements faithfully. 母公司及其子公司是各自独立的法律主体,但对母公司的股东而言,它们是一个经济实体 -- 由一个决策者支配的一池资源。 合并财务报表将这一单一经济实体呈现为如同一家公司,以免使用者因资产与利润在法律上恰好落在何处而被误导。本单元的 一切都是为忠实地编制这些报表而设的机制。 ★ What the exam asks here 考试在此处考什么 Foundations questions are short but decisive: state the three elements of control AASB 10. 7 and apply them to a scenario; distinguish substantive from protective rights; explain de-facto control below 50%; and place an investment on the spectrum (subsidiary / associate / joint arrangement / financial asset). The classic trap is reading control off the ownership % - the definition contains no percentage at all. 基础题简短却关键:陈述 控制的三要素 AASB 10. 7 并应用于某情景;区分 实质性 权利与 保护性 权利;解释50% 以 下的 事实控制;并把一项投资放到 谱系 上(子公司/联营企业/合营安排/金融资产)。经典陷阱是从 持股比例 直接 读出控制 -- 而定义中根本不含任何百分比。 2. 1 The economic-entity concept & who must consolidate 2. 1 经济实体概念与谁必须合并 The economic-entity concept treats the group as the reporting entity. Under AASB 10 a parent - an entity that controls one or more others - prepares consolidated financial statements (CFS) presenting 100% of the group's assets, liabilities, income and expenses, with any portion of equity not owned by the parent shown separately as non-controlling interest (NCI). 经济实体概念将集团视为报告主体。根据 AASB 10 母公司 -- 即控制一个或多个其他主体的主体 -- 编制合并财务报表 (CFS),呈现集团100%的资产、负债、收益和费用,而母公司未拥有的那部分权益则单独列示为非控股权益(NCI)。 Concept What CFS show Reporting entity The group (parent + all subsidiaries), not the parent alone What is added 100% of each subsidiary's A, L, I, E - even if only 80% owned Owners' equity split Parent interest + NCI (NCI is part of group equity, not a liability) What is removed Intra-group balances & transactions - the group cannot trade with itself[28]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfYear of sale: Dr Gain on sale 300 Cr Land 300 Dr DTA 90 Cr Income tax exp 90 Held later: Dr Opening RE 300 / Cr Land 300; Dr DTA 90 / Cr Opening RE 90 DEPRECIABLE PPE Gain elimination + tax, plus a depreciation correction - the buyer over-depreciates the inflated transfer price, so reverse the excess each year: Dr Gain on sale Cr Asset (to original CA) + Dr DTA/Cr ITE Dr Accum dep Cr Depreciation exp (excess each yr) Dr Income tax exp Cr DTA (unwind as gain realises) WORKED . DEPRECIABLE PPE Bowen sells machinery to Larsen for $260 (CA to group $200 => gain $60); 4 yrs left. Year 1: Dr Gain 60 / Cr Machinery 60; Dr DTA 18 / Cr ITE 18. Excess dep'n = 60+4 = $15/yr => Dr Accum dep 15 / Cr Depreciation exp 15; Dr ITE 4. 5 / Cr DTA 4. 5. By year 4 the deferred gain is fully realised through use. Trap: for PPE the gain realises by use - adjust both accum dep & dep expense each year; prior years go to ORE. If sold externally before fully depreciated, recognise any remaining unrealised gain then. SIA - Land realises only on external sale; depreciable PPE realises progressively via depreciation. Miss the depreciation- correction leg and the inflated transfer price stays buried in the group's expense. 6 · NCI C6 . AASB 10/3 Entity concept [AASB 10 App A]: NCI = equity of the group not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the parent = part of group equity (not a liability, not excluded). Group still reports 100% of net assets; equity splits into Parent Interest + NCI. P&L shows profit attributable to NCI [101. 81B]; SoFP shows NCI in equity [101. 54(q)]; PI = consolidated total - NCI. FULL VS PARTIAL GOODWILL [3. 19] Choice per business combination: GOODWILL = CONSID + NCI - FVINA Partial: NCI = NCI% x FVINA Full: NCI = FV of the NCI shares Full method => NCI carries its goodwill = total goodwill higher; impairment then hits NCI differently. The full-method NCI fair value may embed a control premium, so it is not simply NCI% x the parent's price per share. THE 3-STEP NCI MEMORANDUM An allocation (not separate journals), by equity component, on the sub's equity adjusted for after-tax FVAs & after removing unrealised profits: 1. At DOA = NCI% x (capital + reserves + RE + BCVR), all @ DOA 2. DOA -> start of current year = NCI% x change in sub equity to the beginning of the year 3. Current year = NCI% x current profit (& OCI), adjusted for current UPP & FVA dep'n NCI in SoFP = Step1 + Step2 + Step3 - NCI share of sub dividends. NCI share of profit (income statement) = the Step-3 profit piece. WORKED . LARSEN 25% NCI

• Goodwill 公式同一条：$\text{Goodwill}=\text{CONSID}+\text{NCI}-\text{FVINA}$
• Partial：$\text{NCI}=\text{NCI%}\times\text{FVINA}$
• Full：NCI 用“非控股股权的公允价值”；full 方法下 NCI 带着它的 goodwill，减值分摊也会不同。[27]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfGain elimination + tax, plus a depreciation correction - the buyer over-depreciates the inflated transfer price, so reverse the excess each year: Dr Gain on sale Cr Asset (to original CA) + Dr DTA/Cr ITE Dr Accum dep Cr Depreciation exp (excess each yr) Dr Income tax exp Cr DTA (unwind as gain realises) WORKED . DEPRECIABLE PPE Bowen sells machinery to Larsen for $260 (CA to group $200 => gain $60); 4 yrs left. Year 1: Dr Gain 60 / Cr Machinery 60; Dr DTA 18 / Cr ITE 18. Excess dep'n = 60+4 = $15/yr => Dr Accum dep 15 / Cr Depreciation exp 15; Dr ITE 4. 5 / Cr DTA 4. 5. By year 4 the deferred gain is fully realised through use. Trap: for PPE the gain realises by use - adjust both accum dep & dep expense each year; prior years go to ORE. If sold externally before fully depreciated, recognise any remaining unrealised gain then. SIA - Land realises only on external sale; depreciable PPE realises progressively via depreciation. Miss the depreciation- correction leg and the inflated transfer price stays buried in the group's expense. 6 · NCI C6 . AASB 10/3 Entity concept [AASB 10 App A]: NCI = equity of the group not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the parent = part of group equity (not a liability, not excluded). Group still reports 100% of net assets; equity splits into Parent Interest + NCI. P&L shows profit attributable to NCI [101. 81B]; SoFP shows NCI in equity [101. 54(q)]; PI = consolidated total - NCI. FULL VS PARTIAL GOODWILL [3. 19] Choice per business combination: GOODWILL = CONSID + NCI - FVINA Partial: NCI = NCI% x FVINA Full: NCI = FV of the NCI shares Full method => NCI carries its goodwill = total goodwill higher; impairment then hits NCI differently. The full-method NCI fair value may embed a control premium, so it is not simply NCI% x the parent's price per share. THE 3-STEP NCI MEMORANDUM An allocation (not separate journals), by equity component, on the sub's equity adjusted for after-tax FVAs & after removing unrealised profits: 1. At DOA = NCI% x (capital + reserves + RE + BCVR), all @ DOA 2. DOA -> start of current year = NCI% x change in sub equity to the beginning of the year 3. Current year = NCI% x current profit (& OCI), adjusted for current UPP & FVA dep'n NCI in SoFP = Step1 + Step2 + Step3 - NCI share of sub dividends. NCI share of profit (income statement) = the Step-3 profit piece. WORKED . LARSEN 25% NCI Equity@DOA 700 + BCVR 70 = 770 Step1 = 25% x 770 = 192. 5 Step2 = 25% x ARE (DOA-start yr) say 120 = 30 Step3 = 25% x current profit 160 (post-adjust) = 40[30]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEquity@DOA 700 + BCVR 70 = 770 Step1 = 25% x 770 = 192. 5 Step2 = 25% x ARE (DOA-start yr) say 120 = 30 Step3 = 25% x current profit 160 (post-adjust) = 40 Less NCI div = 25% × 80 = (20) NCI in SoFP = 192. 5 + 30 + 40 - 20 = 242. 5 Full vs partial here: under the full method add NCI's share of goodwill into Step 1; goodwill impairment is then split between PI & NCI (AASB 136 IE 7B). Under partial, impairment of the parent's goodwill hits PI only - a key reason the two methods give different NCI & group profit. Preference shares held outside the group & classified as equity form part of NCI; the parent's profit share is adjusted for cumulative preference dividends [10. B95]. AASB 12 requires per-subsidiary NCI disclosures where the NCI is material. SIA > Build NCI as a three-row memorandum, by equity component, on the adjusted sub equity (after-tax FVAs in, upstream UPP out) - never apply NCI% to a raw, un-adjusted profit, and remember to deduct NCI's share of sub dividends. 6b . NCI & Intra- UPSTREAM ONLY Group · NCI is adjusted only for the unrealised-profit elimination , never the gross transaction · Sub dividends: parent's share eliminated intra- group; NCI's share reduces the NCI balance · Negative NCI - losses allocated proportionately even if NCI goes negative [10. B94] Trap (very common): students adjust NCI for the full intra-group sale, or for downstream UPP. Rule: NCI shares UPP only on upstream (and the sub's own) transactions. 7 . Consolidated Cash Flow C7 . AASB 107 Cash = on hand + demand deposits; equivalents = short-term (≤3 mo), liquid, insignificant risk. Three classes [107. 10]: Operating, Investing, Financing. Direct or indirect [. 18]; if direct, AU still needs a profit->CFO reconciliation [1054. 16]. GROUP ISSUE: ACQUIRING A SUB MID-YEAR CASH TO ACQUIRE A SUB (INVESTING) = Cash consideration - cash & equivalents acquired WITH the sub (net outflow if cash paid > cash acquired) When reconstructing notional consolidated ledgers (AR, inventory, payables, PPE, tax), add the sub's opening balances as an "acquisition effect" so they aren't mistaken for operating flows. RECEIPTS (E. G. AR)

• Step 1（DOA）：NCI% ×（capital + reserves + RE + BCVR）@ DOA
• Step 2（DOA → 本期初）：NCI% × 子公司权益变动（到年初）
• Step 3（本期）：NCI% × 本期利润/OCI（注意要用“已调整”的利润：扣/加 UPP、FVA dep’n 等）
• 期末 SoFP 的 NCI：Step1 + Step2 + Step3 − NCI share of sub dividends。[27]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfGain elimination + tax, plus a depreciation correction - the buyer over-depreciates the inflated transfer price, so reverse the excess each year: Dr Gain on sale Cr Asset (to original CA) + Dr DTA/Cr ITE Dr Accum dep Cr Depreciation exp (excess each yr) Dr Income tax exp Cr DTA (unwind as gain realises) WORKED . DEPRECIABLE PPE Bowen sells machinery to Larsen for $260 (CA to group $200 => gain $60); 4 yrs left. Year 1: Dr Gain 60 / Cr Machinery 60; Dr DTA 18 / Cr ITE 18. Excess dep'n = 60+4 = $15/yr => Dr Accum dep 15 / Cr Depreciation exp 15; Dr ITE 4. 5 / Cr DTA 4. 5. By year 4 the deferred gain is fully realised through use. Trap: for PPE the gain realises by use - adjust both accum dep & dep expense each year; prior years go to ORE. If sold externally before fully depreciated, recognise any remaining unrealised gain then. SIA - Land realises only on external sale; depreciable PPE realises progressively via depreciation. Miss the depreciation- correction leg and the inflated transfer price stays buried in the group's expense. 6 · NCI C6 . AASB 10/3 Entity concept [AASB 10 App A]: NCI = equity of the group not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the parent = part of group equity (not a liability, not excluded). Group still reports 100% of net assets; equity splits into Parent Interest + NCI. P&L shows profit attributable to NCI [101. 81B]; SoFP shows NCI in equity [101. 54(q)]; PI = consolidated total - NCI. FULL VS PARTIAL GOODWILL [3. 19] Choice per business combination: GOODWILL = CONSID + NCI - FVINA Partial: NCI = NCI% x FVINA Full: NCI = FV of the NCI shares Full method => NCI carries its goodwill = total goodwill higher; impairment then hits NCI differently. The full-method NCI fair value may embed a control premium, so it is not simply NCI% x the parent's price per share. THE 3-STEP NCI MEMORANDUM An allocation (not separate journals), by equity component, on the sub's equity adjusted for after-tax FVAs & after removing unrealised profits: 1. At DOA = NCI% x (capital + reserves + RE + BCVR), all @ DOA 2. DOA -> start of current year = NCI% x change in sub equity to the beginning of the year 3. Current year = NCI% x current profit (& OCI), adjusted for current UPP & FVA dep'n NCI in SoFP = Step1 + Step2 + Step3 - NCI share of sub dividends. NCI share of profit (income statement) = the Step-3 profit piece. WORKED . LARSEN 25% NCI Equity@DOA 700 + BCVR 70 = 770 Step1 = 25% x 770 = 192. 5 Step2 = 25% x ARE (DOA-start yr) say 120 = 30 Step3 = 25% x current profit 160 (post-adjust) = 40

7）Breadth（cheatsheet side 2 提到的“广度题”）—别放弃，都是送分点

• 三种货币：functional / foreign / presentation；functional 的判断优先看“销售价格与成本驱动”的指标（para 9）。[19]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdf11 . Foreign Currency C11-12 . AASB 121 Three currencies: functional, foreign, presentation. Functional = currency driving sales price & costs [. 9]; prioritise para 9 when indicators conflict. FX TRANSACTION - 3 STEPS Txn date: spot rate (Dr Receivable/Cr Sales) Bal date: monetary @ closing - FX gain/loss to P&L Settlement: final FX diff to P&L; Dr Cash/Cr Recv Only MONETARY items re-translate at closing rate (cash, receivables, payables, loans); non-monetary (PPE, inventory, prepayments) stay at historic. FCTR: current-rate method - A&L @ closing, I&E @ average, equity @ historic; differences -> OCI, accumulate in FCTR (recycled on disposal). Temporal => differences to P&L. 12 . Exam Day DON'T DROP MARKS · Order: AA -> BCVR+tax -> pre-acq -> intra -> NCI; prior effects > Opening RE · Segments: result denominator = higher absolute of profits/losses · By hand: label the journals first, then plug asksia. ai/cheatsheet/ usyd-acct6010 · side 2/2 AskSia STUDY SHEET SERIES Closed-book exam . distil onto your handwritten A4 . check your unit outline . @ 2026 good luck. order the steps, then plug. SIDE 2/2 . ELIMINATE Intra-group . NCI . Cash flow (107) . Segments (8) . Equity method (128) . JO/JV (11) . Foreign currency (121) TAX 30% . $000 ACCT6010 Financial Reporting for Business Groups UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY . BUSINESS SCHOOL
• FX 交易三步：交易日用 spot；资产负债表日 monetary items 用 closing（差额进 P&L）；结算时差额继续进 P&L。[19]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdf11 . Foreign Currency C11-12 . AASB 121 Three currencies: functional, foreign, presentation. Functional = currency driving sales price & costs [. 9]; prioritise para 9 when indicators conflict. FX TRANSACTION - 3 STEPS Txn date: spot rate (Dr Receivable/Cr Sales) Bal date: monetary @ closing - FX gain/loss to P&L Settlement: final FX diff to P&L; Dr Cash/Cr Recv Only MONETARY items re-translate at closing rate (cash, receivables, payables, loans); non-monetary (PPE, inventory, prepayments) stay at historic. FCTR: current-rate method - A&L @ closing, I&E @ average, equity @ historic; differences -> OCI, accumulate in FCTR (recycled on disposal). Temporal => differences to P&L. 12 . Exam Day DON'T DROP MARKS · Order: AA -> BCVR+tax -> pre-acq -> intra -> NCI; prior effects > Opening RE · Segments: result denominator = higher absolute of profits/losses · By hand: label the journals first, then plug asksia. ai/cheatsheet/ usyd-acct6010 · side 2/2 AskSia STUDY SHEET SERIES Closed-book exam . distil onto your handwritten A4 . check your unit outline . @ 2026 good luck. order the steps, then plug. SIDE 2/2 . ELIMINATE Intra-group . NCI . Cash flow (107) . Segments (8) . Equity method (128) . JO/JV (11) . Foreign currency (121) TAX 30% . $000 ACCT6010 Financial Reporting for Business Groups UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY . BUSINESS SCHOOL
• monetary vs non-monetary：只有 monetary 期末重译；non-monetary（PPE、inventory、prepayments）保持历史汇率。[19]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdf11 . Foreign Currency C11-12 . AASB 121 Three currencies: functional, foreign, presentation. Functional = currency driving sales price & costs [. 9]; prioritise para 9 when indicators conflict. FX TRANSACTION - 3 STEPS Txn date: spot rate (Dr Receivable/Cr Sales) Bal date: monetary @ closing - FX gain/loss to P&L Settlement: final FX diff to P&L; Dr Cash/Cr Recv Only MONETARY items re-translate at closing rate (cash, receivables, payables, loans); non-monetary (PPE, inventory, prepayments) stay at historic. FCTR: current-rate method - A&L @ closing, I&E @ average, equity @ historic; differences -> OCI, accumulate in FCTR (recycled on disposal). Temporal => differences to P&L. 12 . Exam Day DON'T DROP MARKS · Order: AA -> BCVR+tax -> pre-acq -> intra -> NCI; prior effects > Opening RE · Segments: result denominator = higher absolute of profits/losses · By hand: label the journals first, then plug asksia. ai/cheatsheet/ usyd-acct6010 · side 2/2 AskSia STUDY SHEET SERIES Closed-book exam . distil onto your handwritten A4 . check your unit outline . @ 2026 good luck. order the steps, then plug. SIDE 2/2 . ELIMINATE Intra-group . NCI . Cash flow (107) . Segments (8) . Equity method (128) . JO/JV (11) . Foreign currency (121) TAX 30% . $000 ACCT6010 Financial Reporting for Business Groups UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY . BUSINESS SCHOOL
• 折算差额去向：current-rate（closing-rate）→ OCI / FCTR；temporal → P&L。[16]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf- the balancing figure to OCI / FCTR § FCTR is an equity reserve AASB 121 FCTR 是一项权益储备 AASB 121 Translation differences under the current-rate method accumulate in the FCTR within equity (via OCI) - they are not in profit. They are reclassified (recycled) to P&L only on disposal of the foreign operation. The FCTR arises because different balance-sheet and P&L lines are translated at different rates - the mismatch has to go somewhere. 现行汇率法下的折算差额累积在权益内的 FCTR 中 (经由 OCI) -- 它们 不 计入利润。它们 仅在境外 经营被处置时才重分类(回收)至P&L。FCTR 之所 以产生,是因为资产负债表与 P&L 的不同行采用不同 汇率折算 -- 这一错配总得有个去处。 Terminology is the trap, not the arithmetic ! 陷阱在于术语,而非算术 Current-rate / closing-rate method - difference to OCI / FCTR (the operation is self-contained, so the parent is not yet exposed in P&L). Temporal method - difference to P&L (the operation is an extension of the parent, so the exposure is real now). Examiners reward naming the method, the rate per line, and the correct destination of the difference. 现行汇率/期末汇率 法→差额计入 OCI / FCTR(该经营是自成一体的,故母公司尚未在P&L 中暴露)。时态 法→ 差额计入 P&L(该经营是母公司的 延伸,故敞口现在就是真实的)。阅卷人奖励说出方法、各行的汇率,以及差额的正 确去处。 Transactions: only monetary items move, straight to P&L. Translation: current-rate sends the difference to the FCTR in OCI; temporal sends it to P&L. Name the method, place the rate, land the difference. 交易:只有货币性项目变动,直接计入 P&L。折算:现行汇率法把差额送入 OCI 中的 FCTR;时态法把它送入P&L。 说出方法,安放汇率,落定差额。 ASKSIA . THE AASB 121 ONE-LINER ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups GLOSSARY . 1/4 - GLOSSARY ACCT6010 . QUICK REFERENCE Group-accounting terms, EN (bilingual-ready) 集团会计术语,英文(双语预备) ~50 exam-critical consolidation terms, grouped by topic - English term, X column reserved, one-line definition 约50个考试关键合并术语,按主题分组 -- 英文术语、预留中文列、一句话定义 How to use. These are the terms a marker expects you to deploy precisely under closed-book conditions. The X column is reserved for a later bilingual pass - for now learn the English term and the one-line definition as your minimum-viable answer. Grouped to follow the unit's spine: control & combinations first. 使用方法。这些是阅卷人期望你在闭卷条件下精准运用的术语。中文列保留给日后的双语整理 -- 现在先把英文术语和那一 行定义作为你的最低限度可用答案学会。按本课程的主线分组:先讲控制与企业合并。 Term 中文 Definition Control & the duty to consolidate (AASB 10) Control Power over an investee + exposure to variable returns + ability to use power to affect them Consolidated financial statements (CFS) Financial statements of a group presented as those of a single economic entity Economic-entity concept The group is one reporting entity; CFS show parent + subsidiaries combined Relevant activities The activities that significantly affect the investee's returns Substantive rights[19]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdf11 . Foreign Currency C11-12 . AASB 121 Three currencies: functional, foreign, presentation. Functional = currency driving sales price & costs [. 9]; prioritise para 9 when indicators conflict. FX TRANSACTION - 3 STEPS Txn date: spot rate (Dr Receivable/Cr Sales) Bal date: monetary @ closing - FX gain/loss to P&L Settlement: final FX diff to P&L; Dr Cash/Cr Recv Only MONETARY items re-translate at closing rate (cash, receivables, payables, loans); non-monetary (PPE, inventory, prepayments) stay at historic. FCTR: current-rate method - A&L @ closing, I&E @ average, equity @ historic; differences -> OCI, accumulate in FCTR (recycled on disposal). Temporal => differences to P&L. 12 . Exam Day DON'T DROP MARKS · Order: AA -> BCVR+tax -> pre-acq -> intra -> NCI; prior effects > Opening RE · Segments: result denominator = higher absolute of profits/losses · By hand: label the journals first, then plug asksia. ai/cheatsheet/ usyd-acct6010 · side 2/2 AskSia STUDY SHEET SERIES Closed-book exam . distil onto your handwritten A4 . check your unit outline . @ 2026 good luck. order the steps, then plug. SIDE 2/2 . ELIMINATE Intra-group . NCI . Cash flow (107) . Segments (8) . Equity method (128) . JO/JV (11) . Foreign currency (121) TAX 30% . $000 ACCT6010 Financial Reporting for Business Groups UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY . BUSINESS SCHOOL

• 10% tests（收入/结果/资产）+ 75% 外部收入覆盖；result test 的分母是“总利润 vs 总亏损”取绝对值更大的那个（不是 net）。[23]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdf1. Add back non-cash expenses (depreciation, impairment, bad debts); deduct non-cash income 2. Remove investing/financing items (e. g. gain on sale of PPE) 3. Accruals: + non-cash current asset = deduct; + current liability = add (and vice versa) Disclose: components of cash [. 45]; material non-cash financing/investing [. 43]; and aggregate details of subs acquired - purchase price, cash portion, cash acquired, other A&L by class [. 39-40]. SIA > Build each working-capital movement off a reconstructed T-account with the acquisition effect as a separate opening line - that's how you keep the sub's brought-in balances out of operating cash. Compiled by AskSia . mapped to the ACCT6010 syllabus . asksia. ai/cheatsheet/usyd-acct6010 8 . Segments C8 . AASB 8 Core principle [8. 1]: disclose info enabling users to evaluate the nature & financial effects of the business activities & the economic environments. Management approach: report as seen by the CODM - may differ from consolidated GAAP. An operating segment [8. 5]: (i) business activities, (ii) results regularly reviewed by the CODM, (iii) discrete financial info (corporate overhead is not a segment). May aggregate [8. 12] if similar economics AND similar in all five (products, process, customer, distribution, regulation). REPORTABLE - THE 10% TESTS [8. 13] Reportable if it meets any one: · Revenue ≥ 10% of combined revenue (external + intersegment) · Result ≥ 10% of the greater (absolute) of combined profits or combined losses · Assets ≥ 10% of combined segment assets 75% COVERAGE [8. 15] Reportable segments together ≥ 75% of entity EXTERNAL revenue - add more if short; rest = "all other". Reconcile [8. 28] total reportable revenue, result, assets & liabilities to group totals - segments # group because not all are reportable, corporate is excluded, intersegment items are eliminated, and measurement bases may differ on the management basis. Trap: the result-test denominator is the higher absolute of total profits OR total losses (not the net); segment numbers are on the management basis = reconcile. WORKED . RESULT TEST Profit-makers total +500; loss-makers total -180. Denominator = greater absolute = 500 = threshold = 50. A segment with a -60 result is reportable (|60| ≥ 50), even though its loss is small relative to the net group profit of 320. DISCLOSE [8. 23-24] · Segment profit/loss; assets & liabilities (if reported to CODM) · Revenue split: external vs intersegment · Depreciation/amortisation; material non-cash items

• “收购子公司现金流出”在 Investing：= 现金对价 − 随子公司取得的现金及等价物。[30]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEquity@DOA 700 + BCVR 70 = 770 Step1 = 25% x 770 = 192. 5 Step2 = 25% x ARE (DOA-start yr) say 120 = 30 Step3 = 25% x current profit 160 (post-adjust) = 40 Less NCI div = 25% × 80 = (20) NCI in SoFP = 192. 5 + 30 + 40 - 20 = 242. 5 Full vs partial here: under the full method add NCI's share of goodwill into Step 1; goodwill impairment is then split between PI & NCI (AASB 136 IE 7B). Under partial, impairment of the parent's goodwill hits PI only - a key reason the two methods give different NCI & group profit. Preference shares held outside the group & classified as equity form part of NCI; the parent's profit share is adjusted for cumulative preference dividends [10. B95]. AASB 12 requires per-subsidiary NCI disclosures where the NCI is material. SIA > Build NCI as a three-row memorandum, by equity component, on the adjusted sub equity (after-tax FVAs in, upstream UPP out) - never apply NCI% to a raw, un-adjusted profit, and remember to deduct NCI's share of sub dividends. 6b . NCI & Intra- UPSTREAM ONLY Group · NCI is adjusted only for the unrealised-profit elimination , never the gross transaction · Sub dividends: parent's share eliminated intra- group; NCI's share reduces the NCI balance · Negative NCI - losses allocated proportionately even if NCI goes negative [10. B94] Trap (very common): students adjust NCI for the full intra-group sale, or for downstream UPP. Rule: NCI shares UPP only on upstream (and the sub's own) transactions. 7 . Consolidated Cash Flow C7 . AASB 107 Cash = on hand + demand deposits; equivalents = short-term (≤3 mo), liquid, insignificant risk. Three classes [107. 10]: Operating, Investing, Financing. Direct or indirect [. 18]; if direct, AU still needs a profit->CFO reconciliation [1054. 16]. GROUP ISSUE: ACQUIRING A SUB MID-YEAR CASH TO ACQUIRE A SUB (INVESTING) = Cash consideration - cash & equivalents acquired WITH the sub (net outflow if cash paid > cash acquired) When reconstructing notional consolidated ledgers (AR, inventory, payables, PPE, tax), add the sub's opening balances as an "acquisition effect" so they aren't mistaken for operating flows. RECEIPTS (E. G. AR)
• Indirect method 三步调整（非现金、投融项目、营运资本变动），并强调要把“收购带入的期初营运资本”单独拆出来，避免扭曲 CFO。[23]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdf1. Add back non-cash expenses (depreciation, impairment, bad debts); deduct non-cash income 2. Remove investing/financing items (e. g. gain on sale of PPE) 3. Accruals: + non-cash current asset = deduct; + current liability = add (and vice versa) Disclose: components of cash [. 45]; material non-cash financing/investing [. 43]; and aggregate details of subs acquired - purchase price, cash portion, cash acquired, other A&L by class [. 39-40]. SIA > Build each working-capital movement off a reconstructed T-account with the acquisition effect as a separate opening line - that's how you keep the sub's brought-in balances out of operating cash. Compiled by AskSia . mapped to the ACCT6010 syllabus . asksia. ai/cheatsheet/usyd-acct6010 8 . Segments C8 . AASB 8 Core principle [8. 1]: disclose info enabling users to evaluate the nature & financial effects of the business activities & the economic environments. Management approach: report as seen by the CODM - may differ from consolidated GAAP. An operating segment [8. 5]: (i) business activities, (ii) results regularly reviewed by the CODM, (iii) discrete financial info (corporate overhead is not a segment). May aggregate [8. 12] if similar economics AND similar in all five (products, process, customer, distribution, regulation). REPORTABLE - THE 10% TESTS [8. 13] Reportable if it meets any one: · Revenue ≥ 10% of combined revenue (external + intersegment) · Result ≥ 10% of the greater (absolute) of combined profits or combined losses · Assets ≥ 10% of combined segment assets 75% COVERAGE [8. 15] Reportable segments together ≥ 75% of entity EXTERNAL revenue - add more if short; rest = "all other". Reconcile [8. 28] total reportable revenue, result, assets & liabilities to group totals - segments # group because not all are reportable, corporate is excluded, intersegment items are eliminated, and measurement bases may differ on the management basis. Trap: the result-test denominator is the higher absolute of total profits OR total losses (not the net); segment numbers are on the management basis = reconcile. WORKED . RESULT TEST Profit-makers total +500; loss-makers total -180. Denominator = greater absolute = 500 = threshold = 50. A segment with a -60 result is reportable (|60| ≥ 50), even though its loss is small relative to the net group profit of 320. DISCLOSE [8. 23-24] · Segment profit/loss; assets & liabilities (if reported to CODM) · Revenue split: external vs intersegment · Depreciation/amortisation; material non-cash items[29]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdf= Opening AR + Acquisition effect - Closing AR + Sales (- bad debts) Trap: failing to strip the acquired sub's opening working capital distorts CFO. The "cash used to acquire subsidiary" line is identical under direct & indirect methods. INDIRECT: PROFIT - CFO 1. Add back non-cash expenses (depreciation, impairment, bad debts); deduct non-cash income 2. Remove investing/financing items (e. g. gain on sale of PPE) 3. Accruals: + non-cash current asset = deduct; + current liability = add (and vice versa) Disclose: components of cash [. 45]; material non-cash financing/investing [. 43]; and aggregate details of subs acquired - purchase price, cash portion, cash acquired, other A&L by class [. 39-40]. SIA > Build each working-capital movement off a reconstructed T-account with the acquisition effect as a separate opening line - that's how you keep the sub's brought-in balances out of operating cash. Compiled by AskSia . mapped to the ACCT6010 syllabus . asksia. ai/cheatsheet/usyd-acct6010 8 . Segments C8 . AASB 8 Core principle [8. 1]: disclose info enabling users to evaluate the nature & financial effects of the business activities & the economic environments. Management approach: report as seen by the CODM - may differ from consolidated GAAP. An operating segment [8. 5]: (i) business activities, (ii) results regularly reviewed by the CODM, (iii) discrete financial info (corporate overhead is not a segment). May aggregate [8. 12] if similar economics AND similar in all five (products, process, customer, distribution, regulation). REPORTABLE - THE 10% TESTS [8. 13] Reportable if it meets any one: · Revenue ≥ 10% of combined revenue (external + intersegment) · Result ≥ 10% of the greater (absolute) of combined profits or combined losses · Assets ≥ 10% of combined segment assets 75% COVERAGE [8. 15] Reportable segments together ≥ 75% of entity EXTERNAL revenue - add more if short; rest = "all other". Reconcile [8. 28] total reportable revenue, result, assets & liabilities to group totals - segments # group because not all are reportable, corporate is excluded, intersegment items are eliminated, and measurement bases may differ on the management basis. Trap: the result-test denominator is the higher absolute of total profits OR total losses (not the net); segment numbers are on the management basis = reconcile. WORKED . RESULT TEST Profit-makers total +500; loss-makers total -180. Denominator = greater absolute = 500 = threshold = 50. A segment with a -60 result is reportable (|60| ≥ 50), even though its loss is small relative to the net group profit of 320. DISCLOSE [8. 23-24] · Segment profit/loss; assets & liabilities (if reported to CODM)

8）给你一个“考前冲刺打法”（按这份资料的逻辑最省命）

• 固定顺序写标题：AA → BCVR+tax → pre-acq → intra+tax → NCI（先写标签再填数）。[12]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf- 本题库使用说明。这里的每个情景、实体和金额都是 原创的 -- 没有一个取自任何讲师数据集、辅导课或往年试卷。真实考 试为 闭卷且设有及格门槛(≥45%),不提供 Excel 模板 -- 你要在纸上手写分录。先盖住答案,写出分录,再对照步骤批 改。 55% FINAL EXAM . HURDLE 期末考试 · 门槛 ≥45% MIN EXAM MARK TO PASS 及格所需的最低考试分 0 EXCEL TEMPLATES GIVEN 提供 Excel 模板 30% TAX RATE THROUGHOUT 全程适用税率 ★ How consolidation answers are marked - and how to be fast 合并答案如何评分 -- 以及如何提速 Marks follow the 5-step spine: acquisition analysis - BCVR + tax - pre-acq elimination - intra-group + tax - NCI. Each correct Dr/Cr line and its tax leg scores. Hand-drafting drill: rule a narrow Dr/Cr column, write account names abbreviated (ITE, DTL, ORE), and always pair the tax line immediately so you never forget it. Label each entry (BCVR / pre-acq / intra) so the marker can follow even if a number slips. 分数沿 5 步主线:购买分析→BCVR+税→购买日抵销→集团内部交易+税→ NCI。每一条 正确的借 /贷行 及其 税腿 都得分。手写演练:划一窄窄的借/贷列,把科目名写成缩写(ITE、DTL、ORE),并 始终立即配上税行,这样你 永远不会忘。给每笔分录标签(BCVR/购买日抵销/集团内部),即便某个数字出错,阅卷人也能跟上。 Q1 GOODWILL CALC consideration + NCI - FVINA . 6 marks On 1 Jul 20X4 Kestrel Ltd acquired 80% of Tidewater Ltd for $4,200 cash. Tidewater's equity: Share capital $3,000, Retained earnings $1,500. Its land had a fair value $500 above carrying amount; all else at FV. Tax 30%. The NCI's fair value is $1,020. Compute goodwill under (a) partial and (b) full goodwill methods. ($000) 20×4 年7月1日,Kestrel Ltd 以 $4,200 现金收购了 Tidewater Ltd 的 80% 股权。Tidewater 的权益为:股本 $3,000,留存收益 $1,500。其土地的公允价值高于账面金额 $500;其余均按公允价值列示。税率 30%。NCI的公允 价值为 $1,020。请分别按(a)部分 商誉法和(b)完全 商誉法计算商誉。($000) - WORKED SOLUTION FVINA at acquisition $000 Goodwill (a) Partial (b) Full Share capital 3,000 Consideration 4,200 4,200 Retained earnings 1,500[18]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfThree currencies: functional, foreign, presentation. Functional = currency driving sales price & costs [. 9]; prioritise para 9 when indicators conflict. FX TRANSACTION - 3 STEPS Txn date: spot rate (Dr Receivable/Cr Sales) Bal date: monetary @ closing - FX gain/loss to P&L Settlement: final FX diff to P&L; Dr Cash/Cr Recv Only MONETARY items re-translate at closing rate (cash, receivables, payables, loans); non-monetary (PPE, inventory, prepayments) stay at historic. FCTR: current-rate method - A&L @ closing, I&E @ average, equity @ historic; differences -> OCI, accumulate in FCTR (recycled on disposal). Temporal => differences to P&L. 12 . Exam Day DON'T DROP MARKS · Order: AA -> BCVR+tax -> pre-acq -> intra -> NCI; prior effects > Opening RE · Segments: result denominator = higher absolute of profits/losses · By hand: label the journals first, then plug asksia. ai/cheatsheet/ usyd-acct6010 · side 2/2 AskSia STUDY SHEET SERIES Closed-book exam . distil onto your handwritten A4 . check your unit outline . @ 2026 good luck. order the steps, then plug. SIDE 2/2 . ELIMINATE Intra-group . NCI . Cash flow (107) . Segments (8) . Equity method (128) . JO/JV (11) . Foreign currency (121) TAX 30% . $000

• 例如：control 三要素；goodwill 公式；FVINA 税后提醒；BCVR/DTL 速算；UPP 三金律；NCI 三步。[14]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 1 OF 2 . Acquisition -> Worksheet Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% SIDE 1/2 . BUILD 0 . How to Use This READ FIRST * The final exam is 55%, CLOSED BOOK, and a hurdle - score ≥45% in the exam itself or you fail the unit, whatever your other marks. Rest: tutorial participation 15% (9% group presentation + 6% weekly), group case study 20% (=Wk 11), four in-lecture quizzes 10% (Wks 5, 7, 9, 11). Permitted in the exam: an unannotated CAANZ Financial Reporting Handbook + ONE double-sided HAND-WRITTEN A4 . Printed standards are banned; no Excel templates - you draft every worksheet journal by hand. So treat this as the master you distil onto your own handwritten A4: it is the formula + journal bank for the whole unit. Side 1 = build the consolidation; side 2 = eliminate & the breadth topics. Tutorial/quiz questions are "adapted from past exams" - your best exam proxy. SIA > The whole unit is cumulative and done by hand - every later topic re-uses the worksheet spine. Drill the journals until the layout is automatic; confirm the permitted- materials rule in your current unit outline. 1 . Control . Consolidate? C1 . AASB 10 Control [AASB 10. 6-7] = all THREE: (a) power over the investee (current ability to direct the relevant activities), (b) exposure to variable returns (+/-, not just dividends), (c) the link - ability to use power to affect returns. No % in the definition. Control is substance over form: de facto control can exist below 50%; a majority can fail if rights are non-substantive. · Substantive rights - holder has the practical ability to exercise (no barriers) => count · Protective rights - apply only on default/fundamental change = never confer power · Potential voting rights (options/convertibles) count only if substantive - currently exercisable & not deeply out-of-the-money · Agent vs principal - a trustee acting for others does not control Who consolidates: a parent prepares consolidated financial statements (CFS). Exemption [10. 4]: a wholly/partly-owned sub whose debt isn't publicly traded & whose ultimate parent files IFRS CFS. DISCLOSURE AASB 12 - significant judgements in determining control [. 7], info on subs & NCI [. 10], unconsolidated structured entities [. 24]. AASB 124 - parent & sub are related parties [. 9]: disclose the relationship, ultimate parent, & related-party transactions. SIA - Classic trap: a 60% holder who has directed activities for years still controls even if another party holds options - if those options are out-of-the-money they are not substantive. Re-test substantiveness at the reporting date.[22]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEACH YEAR - REALISE VIA DEP'N Dr Depreciation exp 20 (100:5) Cr Accum depreciation 20 Dr DTL 6 (20×30%) Cr Income tax exp 6 YEAR 3 (2 PRIOR YRS IN ORE) Dr Depreciation exp 20 (current) Dr Opening RE 40 (prior 2 yrs) Cr Accum depreciation 60 Dr DTL 18 Cr Income tax exp 6 Cr Opening RE 12 The FVA + DTL recognition entry stays the SAME every year; the depreciation realisation grows cumulatively & splits current(P&L)/prior(ORE). The DTL unwinds as the asset depreciates. 4c . Contingent Liability AASB 3. 23 Group recognises a contingent liability that is a present obligation with reliably measurable FV - even if outflow is not probable (narrower than AASB 137). Liability = DTA. Dr BCVR 1,000 Cr Provision for damages 1,000 Dr Deferred Tax Asset 300 Cr BCVR 300 Measurement period [3. 45-50]: within 12 months of DOA, new info about facts existing at DOA is applied retrospectively (adjusts FVA & goodwill). After 12 months => goodwill & pre-acq entry unchanged; the difference is a current-period gain/loss. Worked: the $1,000 provision settles for $1,150. If within 12 months & the facts existed at DOA => restate FVA & goodwill by $150. If after 12 months => goodwill unchanged; the extra $150 is a current-period loss . Side-1 Belt MEMORISE Control = power + variable returns + link Goodwill = Consid + NCI + prior int - FVINA FVINA = equity@DOA ± FVAx(1-0. 30) BCVR = FVAx(1-t) . DTL/DTA = FVAxt Pre-acq: Dr equity@DOA + Goodwill / Cr Invt FVA dep'n = increment + remaining life FVA dep'n tax reversal = dep'n x 0. 30 GOBP = FVINA - Consideration (if positive) Order: AA - BCVR+tax - pre-acq + intra + NCI Prior-period effect - Opening RE Closed-book exam . distil onto your handwritten A4 . check your unit outline . @ 2026 flip + for eliminations, NCI, cash flow & breadth asksia. ai/cheatsheet/ usyd-acct6010 . side 1/2 AskSia STUDY SHEET SERIES[20]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfasksia. ai/cheatsheet/ usyd-acct6010 . side 1/2 AskSia STUDY SHEET SERIES TAX 30% . $000 BOOKS GOODWILL Compiled by AskSia . mapped to the ACCT6010 syllabus . asksia. ai/cheatsheet/usyd-acct6010 Control (AASB 10) . Acquisition method & goodwill (AASB 3) . The worksheet . Pre-acq elimination . FVA/BCVR + 30% tax · Equity method — ACCT6010 Financial Reporting for Business Groups UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY . BUSINESS SCHOOL EXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 2 OF 2 . Eliminations > Breadth Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% 5 . Intra-Group C5 . AASB 10. B86(C) CFS show only external transactions. Eliminate intra- group items in full, regardless of % (full amount even for partly-owned subs; only the unrealised-profit portion later affects NCI). Downstream = parent->sub; upstream = sub-> parent. 3 GOLDEN RULES 1. Eliminate the transaction (its revenue & expense / the balance) 2. Eliminate unrealised profit held inside an asset's carrying amount 3. Recognise the tax timing difference on (2) @ 30% Profit is unrealised until the asset is sold externally (inventory/land) or consumed via depreciation (PPE). The unrealised-profit elimination creates a temporary difference = a DTA (group asset carrying amount < its tax base). The 5 types: (1) inventory, (2) NCA - land & PPE, (3) dividends, (4) loans & interest, (5) fees. Only (1)&(2) carry unrealised profit; (3)-(5) have no profit, tax or NCI effect. NO-PROFIT TRANSACTIONS[27]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfGain elimination + tax, plus a depreciation correction - the buyer over-depreciates the inflated transfer price, so reverse the excess each year: Dr Gain on sale Cr Asset (to original CA) + Dr DTA/Cr ITE Dr Accum dep Cr Depreciation exp (excess each yr) Dr Income tax exp Cr DTA (unwind as gain realises) WORKED . DEPRECIABLE PPE Bowen sells machinery to Larsen for $260 (CA to group $200 => gain $60); 4 yrs left. Year 1: Dr Gain 60 / Cr Machinery 60; Dr DTA 18 / Cr ITE 18. Excess dep'n = 60+4 = $15/yr => Dr Accum dep 15 / Cr Depreciation exp 15; Dr ITE 4. 5 / Cr DTA 4. 5. By year 4 the deferred gain is fully realised through use. Trap: for PPE the gain realises by use - adjust both accum dep & dep expense each year; prior years go to ORE. If sold externally before fully depreciated, recognise any remaining unrealised gain then. SIA - Land realises only on external sale; depreciable PPE realises progressively via depreciation. Miss the depreciation- correction leg and the inflated transfer price stays buried in the group's expense. 6 · NCI C6 . AASB 10/3 Entity concept [AASB 10 App A]: NCI = equity of the group not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the parent = part of group equity (not a liability, not excluded). Group still reports 100% of net assets; equity splits into Parent Interest + NCI. P&L shows profit attributable to NCI [101. 81B]; SoFP shows NCI in equity [101. 54(q)]; PI = consolidated total - NCI. FULL VS PARTIAL GOODWILL [3. 19] Choice per business combination: GOODWILL = CONSID + NCI - FVINA Partial: NCI = NCI% x FVINA Full: NCI = FV of the NCI shares Full method => NCI carries its goodwill = total goodwill higher; impairment then hits NCI differently. The full-method NCI fair value may embed a control premium, so it is not simply NCI% x the parent's price per share. THE 3-STEP NCI MEMORANDUM An allocation (not separate journals), by equity component, on the sub's equity adjusted for after-tax FVAs & after removing unrealised profits: 1. At DOA = NCI% x (capital + reserves + RE + BCVR), all @ DOA 2. DOA -> start of current year = NCI% x change in sub equity to the beginning of the year 3. Current year = NCI% x current profit (& OCI), adjusted for current UPP & FVA dep'n NCI in SoFP = Step1 + Step2 + Step3 - NCI share of sub dividends. NCI share of profit (income statement) = the Step-3 profit piece. WORKED . LARSEN 25% NCI Equity@DOA 700 + BCVR 70 = 770 Step1 = 25% x 770 = 192. 5 Step2 = 25% x ARE (DOA-start yr) say 120 = 30 Step3 = 25% x current profit 160 (post-adjust) = 40

• 忘了“工作底稿不结转”→ Year 2+ 没把 prior-year effects 改到 ORE。[10]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf2. 6 合并工作底稿 -- 先逐项相加,再抵销 Consolidation happens on a worksheet, never in anyone's general ledger. Two governing principles AASB 10. B86 run the whole unit: 合并在工作底稿上进行,绝不在任何人的总分类账中进行。两条统领原则 AASB 10. B86 贯穿整个单元: ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups § Principle 1 - entries never touch the ledgers 原则1 -- 分录绝不触及分类账 Consolidation journals live only in the consolidation worksheet. The parent's and subsidiary's own books are untouched - each remains a stand-alone legal entity that files its own accounts. 合并分录 仅 存在于合并工作底稿中。母公司和子公司 各自的账簿原封不动 -- 各自仍是独立的法律实体, 分别报送自己的账目。 § Principle 2 - nothing carries forward 原则2 -- 任何项目都不结转 The worksheet is a temporary record, rebuilt from scratch each reporting period. So every adjustment that hit a prior period's profit must, in later years, be re-routed to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE) instead of the original P&L line. This single idea recurs in FVA depreciation, intra-group profit and equity accounting. 工作底稿是一份 临时 记录,每个报告期都从头重建。 因此凡是影响过 往 期利润的每项调整,在后续年份都 必须改计入 期初留存收益(ORE),而非原来的P&L 行。这一单一思想会在公允价值调整折旧、集团内部 利润和权益法核算中反复出现。 The worksheet is a five-column grid - Account | Parent | Subsidiary | Adjustments Dr | Adjustments Cr | Consolidated - with every P&L then every balance-sheet line as a row. The consolidated column = Parent + Subsidiary + Dr - Cr. 工作底稿是一个五列网格 -- 科目 | 母公司 | 子公司 | 调整借方 |调整贷方 | 合并 -- 以每一项 P&L 再每一项资产负债表项目 为一行。合并列= 母公司+子公司+借一贷。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups WS The two moves, in order The spine of every consolidation question Move 1 - add across. Combine the parent's and the subsidiary's figures line-by-line, taking 100% of the subsidiary even when it is partly owned. 动作1 -- 逐项相加。把母公司与子公司的数字逐行合并,即便子公司是部分持股,也取子公司的100%。 Move 2 - eliminate & adjust. Post the consolidation adjustments in their fixed order, each cross-referenced in the Dr/Cr columns: 动作2 -- 抵销与调整。按其固定顺序登记合并调整,每笔在借/贷列中交叉标注: 1 Acquisition analysis - compute goodwill (Ch 3). 购买分析 -- 计算商誉(第3章)。 2 Fair-value adjustments (BCVR) + tax - restate the sub's net assets to acquisition-date FV. 公允价值调整(BCVR)+税 -- 把子公司的净资产重述为购买日公允价值。 3 Pre-acquisition elimination - offset the parent's investment against its share of the sub's pre- acquisition equity, book goodwill. 购买日抵销分录 -- 把母公司的 投资 与其应享子公司 购买日权益 的份额相抵销;确认商誉。 4 Intra-group eliminations - remove internal sales, profits, dividends, loans (+ tax). 集团内部抵销 -- 剔除内部销售、利润、股利、贷款(+税)。 5 NCI allocation - split equity and profit into parent interest and NCI (memorandum). NCI 分摊 -- 把权益和利润拆分为母公司权益与 NCI(备查表)。 Read the consolidated column straight off the worksheet - it is the consolidated financial statements. Order matters: BCVR is posted before the pre-acquisition elimination, because the FVA reserve must exist before it can be eliminated. 直接从工作底稿上读取合并列→它就是合并财务报表。顺序至关重要:BCVR 要在购买日抵销之前登记,因为公允价值 调整储备必须先存在,才能被抵销。[9]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdfYear 2+ Dr Issued capital / Reserve / RE @ DOA same same (unchanged) Dr BCVR @ DOA same same (unchanged) Dr Goodwill same same (unchanged) Cr Investment in Reef same same (unchanged) GOBP variant: credit goes to . . . Gain on bargain purchase (P&L) Opening Retained Earnings ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups ★ Exam move - state the principle, then apply it 应试要诀 -- 先陈述原则,再加以应用 When a question gives you Year 3 of an acquisition, the marker is checking whether you know the pre-acq entry repeats unchanged (goodwill case) and whether other entries (impairment, FVA depreciation, intra-group) need their prior-year portions routed to ORE. Write a one-line note - 'worksheet not carried forward; prior-year profit effects to ORE - before you start journalising. It signals the examiner you understand Principle #2. 当题目给你某项收购的第3年时,阅卷人是在检查你是否知道购买日分录原封不动地重复(商誉情形),以及 其他 分录 (减值、FVA 折旧、集团内部交易)是否需要把往年部分计入 ORE。在动笔做分录之前,先写一行注记 -- ‘工作底稿 不结转;往期利润影响计入 ORE' -- 向阅卷人示意你理解原则 #2。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups CORE A . WORKSHEET - CORE CHAPTER A (CONT. ) The full worked worksheet 完整工作底稿实例 Parent + Sub + Dr/Cr adjustments -> the consolidated column, with the pre-acq elimination 母公司+子公司+借/贷调整 →合并列,并完成购买日抵销 Now assemble it. Below is Marlin's and Reef's trial balances side-by-side with the two adjustment columns and the consolidated read-off. The reference [2a] is the BCVR / land FVA + tax (Core Ch. B); [2b] is the pre- acquisition elimination from page 3. No intra-group items in this base example - we layer those in later chapters. 现在把它组装起来。下表把 Marlin 与 Reef 的试算平衡表并排列出,并附两列调整列以及合并读出列。索引[2a]是 BCVR / 土地公允价值调整+税(核心第B章);[2b]是第 3 页的购买日抵销分录。本基础示例中没有集团内部交易项目 -- 我们 会在后面的章节中逐层加入。 Account ($)
• FVINA 忘记扣 deferred tax（30%）→ goodwill 算错方向。[24]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfSubsidiary · 10/3 Full consolidation Threshold is substance: 19% may be significant influence; 45% may be de facto control; 60% need not be control if rights aren't substantive. 2 . Acquisition Method c2 . AASB 3 Apply the acquisition method [AASB 3. 4] - the 5-part acquisition analysis: 1. Identify the acquirer - who obtains control [3. 6- 7] 2. Identify the acquisition date - date control passes; fixes FVs & freezes pre-acq equity 3. Measure FVINA - identifiable A & L at acquisition- date fair value [3. 18] (may include items the sub can't book - internally generated intangibles, contingent liabilities) 4. Measure consideration transferred at FV [3. 37] = cash + FV of assets given + FV of shares issued + FV of liabilities to former owners 5. Recognise goodwill OR gain on bargain purchase In the parent's own books the acquisition is recorded at cost: PARENT'S BOOKS (COST) Dr Investment in Subsidiary (cost) Cr Cash / Share capital / Liability GOODWILL FORMULA [3. 32] GOODWILL = Consideration transferred (parent) + Amount of any NCI + FV of previously held interest (step acq) - FVINA (fair value of identifiable net assets) Goodwill (positive) = asset, not amortised, impairment-only [AASB 136] & irreversible. GOBP (negative) => rare: first reassess that all A, L & the consideration are correctly identified & measured, then recognise the residual excess as income (gain) in P&L in the acquisition period [3. 34-36]. Trap: FVINA is measured net of the 30% deferred tax on the FVAs - forgetting it overstates FVINA & understates goodwill. 100% acq => NCI = 0, so goodwill = consideration - FVINA. In a step acquisition the previously held interest is re-measured to FV at the date control is obtained, with the gain/loss to P&L. 2b · Acquisition Analysis WORKED
• BCVR 顺序放错（先 pre-acq 后 BCVR）→ 逻辑崩。[10]Source: asksia-bible-acct6010-bilingual.pdf2. 6 合并工作底稿 -- 先逐项相加,再抵销 Consolidation happens on a worksheet, never in anyone's general ledger. Two governing principles AASB 10. B86 run the whole unit: 合并在工作底稿上进行,绝不在任何人的总分类账中进行。两条统领原则 AASB 10. B86 贯穿整个单元: ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups § Principle 1 - entries never touch the ledgers 原则1 -- 分录绝不触及分类账 Consolidation journals live only in the consolidation worksheet. The parent's and subsidiary's own books are untouched - each remains a stand-alone legal entity that files its own accounts. 合并分录 仅 存在于合并工作底稿中。母公司和子公司 各自的账簿原封不动 -- 各自仍是独立的法律实体, 分别报送自己的账目。 § Principle 2 - nothing carries forward 原则2 -- 任何项目都不结转 The worksheet is a temporary record, rebuilt from scratch each reporting period. So every adjustment that hit a prior period's profit must, in later years, be re-routed to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE) instead of the original P&L line. This single idea recurs in FVA depreciation, intra-group profit and equity accounting. 工作底稿是一份 临时 记录,每个报告期都从头重建。 因此凡是影响过 往 期利润的每项调整,在后续年份都 必须改计入 期初留存收益(ORE),而非原来的P&L 行。这一单一思想会在公允价值调整折旧、集团内部 利润和权益法核算中反复出现。 The worksheet is a five-column grid - Account | Parent | Subsidiary | Adjustments Dr | Adjustments Cr | Consolidated - with every P&L then every balance-sheet line as a row. The consolidated column = Parent + Subsidiary + Dr - Cr. 工作底稿是一个五列网格 -- 科目 | 母公司 | 子公司 | 调整借方 |调整贷方 | 合并 -- 以每一项 P&L 再每一项资产负债表项目 为一行。合并列= 母公司+子公司+借一贷。 ACCT6010 . Financial Reporting for Business Groups WS The two moves, in order The spine of every consolidation question Move 1 - add across. Combine the parent's and the subsidiary's figures line-by-line, taking 100% of the subsidiary even when it is partly owned. 动作1 -- 逐项相加。把母公司与子公司的数字逐行合并,即便子公司是部分持股,也取子公司的100%。 Move 2 - eliminate & adjust. Post the consolidation adjustments in their fixed order, each cross-referenced in the Dr/Cr columns: 动作2 -- 抵销与调整。按其固定顺序登记合并调整,每笔在借/贷列中交叉标注: 1 Acquisition analysis - compute goodwill (Ch 3). 购买分析 -- 计算商誉(第3章)。 2 Fair-value adjustments (BCVR) + tax - restate the sub's net assets to acquisition-date FV. 公允价值调整(BCVR)+税 -- 把子公司的净资产重述为购买日公允价值。 3 Pre-acquisition elimination - offset the parent's investment against its share of the sub's pre- acquisition equity, book goodwill. 购买日抵销分录 -- 把母公司的 投资 与其应享子公司 购买日权益 的份额相抵销;确认商誉。 4 Intra-group eliminations - remove internal sales, profits, dividends, loans (+ tax). 集团内部抵销 -- 剔除内部销售、利润、股利、贷款(+税)。 5 NCI allocation - split equity and profit into parent interest and NCI (memorandum). NCI 分摊 -- 把权益和利润拆分为母公司权益与 NCI(备查表)。 Read the consolidated column straight off the worksheet - it is the consolidated financial statements. Order matters: BCVR is posted before the pre-acquisition elimination, because the FVA reserve must exist before it can be eliminated. 直接从工作底稿上读取合并列→它就是合并财务报表。顺序至关重要:BCVR 要在购买日抵销之前登记,因为公允价值 调整储备必须先存在,才能被抵销。[26]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfFVINA AT ACQUISITION = 400 + 250 + 50 + 70 (after-tax FVA) = 770 GOODWILL = Consideration 900 - FVINA 770 = 130 Check direction: if Bowen had paid only $700, residual = 700 - 770 =- 70 => reassess, then a $70 gain on bargain purchase to P&L (not "negative goodwill"). #1 mistake: computing FVINA from book equity (omit the after-tax FVA), or using the FVA gross ($100) instead of x(1-t) ($70); also forgetting to add NCI in the formula when the sub is partly owned. 3 . The Worksheet C3 . AASB 10. B86 Two core tasks: (1) aggregate line-by-line A, L, equity, income, expenses & cash flows of parent + subs; (2) adjust - offset investment vs pre-acq equity (book goodwill) & eliminate intra-group items in full. TWO GOVERNING PRINCIPLES worksheet ; they never touch the parent's or sub's general ledger. · #2 - the worksheet is a temporary record ; entries are not carried forward - re-process every period until disposal. Any entry that hit a prior period's profit is redirected to Opening Retained Earnings (ORE). ORDER OF ADJUSTMENTS Step 1 Acquisition analysis Step 2a FVA (BCVR) + tax effect Step 2b Pre-acquisition elimination (+ goodwill) Step 2c Intra-group eliminations (+ tax) Step 3 NCI memorandum FVAs (2a) go BEFORE pre-acq (2b) - they form part of pre-acq equity & affect goodwill, so the BCVR must exist before it's eliminated. Layout: Account | Parent | Subsidiary | Adj Dr | Adj Cr | Group. Group = Parent + Sub + Dr - Cr. Process every P&L line first, then every SoFP line; cross-reference each adjustment.
• Intra-group 抵销只写了交易消除，没写 UPP + tax leg。[20]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfasksia. ai/cheatsheet/ usyd-acct6010 . side 1/2 AskSia STUDY SHEET SERIES TAX 30% . $000 BOOKS GOODWILL Compiled by AskSia . mapped to the ACCT6010 syllabus . asksia. ai/cheatsheet/usyd-acct6010 Control (AASB 10) . Acquisition method & goodwill (AASB 3) . The worksheet . Pre-acq elimination . FVA/BCVR + 30% tax · Equity method — ACCT6010 Financial Reporting for Business Groups UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY . BUSINESS SCHOOL EXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 2 OF 2 . Eliminations > Breadth Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% 5 . Intra-Group C5 . AASB 10. B86(C) CFS show only external transactions. Eliminate intra- group items in full, regardless of % (full amount even for partly-owned subs; only the unrealised-profit portion later affects NCI). Downstream = parent->sub; upstream = sub-> parent. 3 GOLDEN RULES 1. Eliminate the transaction (its revenue & expense / the balance) 2. Eliminate unrealised profit held inside an asset's carrying amount 3. Recognise the tax timing difference on (2) @ 30% Profit is unrealised until the asset is sold externally (inventory/land) or consumed via depreciation (PPE). The unrealised-profit elimination creates a temporary difference = a DTA (group asset carrying amount < its tax base). The 5 types: (1) inventory, (2) NCA - land & PPE, (3) dividends, (4) loans & interest, (5) fees. Only (1)&(2) carry unrealised profit; (3)-(5) have no profit, tax or NCI effect. NO-PROFIT TRANSACTIONS[21]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfTAX 30% . $000 BOOKS GOODWILL Compiled by AskSia . mapped to the ACCT6010 syllabus . asksia. ai/cheatsheet/usyd-acct6010 Control (AASB 10) . Acquisition method & goodwill (AASB 3) . The worksheet . Pre-acq elimination . FVA/BCVR + 30% tax · Equity method — ACCT6010 Financial Reporting for Business Groups UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY . BUSINESS SCHOOL EXAM-CRAM SHEET SIDE 2 OF 2 . Eliminations > Breadth Final exam 55% . closed book . hurdle ≥45% 5 . Intra-Group C5 . AASB 10. B86(C) CFS show only external transactions. Eliminate intra- group items in full, regardless of % (full amount even for partly-owned subs; only the unrealised-profit portion later affects NCI). Downstream = parent->sub; upstream = sub-> parent. 3 GOLDEN RULES 1. Eliminate the transaction (its revenue & expense / the balance) 2. Eliminate unrealised profit held inside an asset's carrying amount 3. Recognise the tax timing difference on (2) @ 30% Profit is unrealised until the asset is sold externally (inventory/land) or consumed via depreciation (PPE). The unrealised-profit elimination creates a temporary difference = a DTA (group asset carrying amount < its tax base). The 5 types: (1) inventory, (2) NCA - land & PPE, (3) dividends, (4) loans & interest, (5) fees. Only (1)&(2) carry unrealised profit; (3)-(5) have no profit, tax or NCI effect. NO-PROFIT TRANSACTIONS DIVIDENDS (PAID IN YEAR) Dr Dividend revenue Cr Dividend paid Declared, unpaid - also: Dr Dividend payable Cr Dividend receivable
• NCI 直接拿 NCI% 乘“未调整利润”/把 gross sale 调 NCI。[30]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfEquity@DOA 700 + BCVR 70 = 770 Step1 = 25% x 770 = 192. 5 Step2 = 25% x ARE (DOA-start yr) say 120 = 30 Step3 = 25% x current profit 160 (post-adjust) = 40 Less NCI div = 25% × 80 = (20) NCI in SoFP = 192. 5 + 30 + 40 - 20 = 242. 5 Full vs partial here: under the full method add NCI's share of goodwill into Step 1; goodwill impairment is then split between PI & NCI (AASB 136 IE 7B). Under partial, impairment of the parent's goodwill hits PI only - a key reason the two methods give different NCI & group profit. Preference shares held outside the group & classified as equity form part of NCI; the parent's profit share is adjusted for cumulative preference dividends [10. B95]. AASB 12 requires per-subsidiary NCI disclosures where the NCI is material. SIA > Build NCI as a three-row memorandum, by equity component, on the adjusted sub equity (after-tax FVAs in, upstream UPP out) - never apply NCI% to a raw, un-adjusted profit, and remember to deduct NCI's share of sub dividends. 6b . NCI & Intra- UPSTREAM ONLY Group · NCI is adjusted only for the unrealised-profit elimination , never the gross transaction · Sub dividends: parent's share eliminated intra- group; NCI's share reduces the NCI balance · Negative NCI - losses allocated proportionately even if NCI goes negative [10. B94] Trap (very common): students adjust NCI for the full intra-group sale, or for downstream UPP. Rule: NCI shares UPP only on upstream (and the sub's own) transactions. 7 . Consolidated Cash Flow C7 . AASB 107 Cash = on hand + demand deposits; equivalents = short-term (≤3 mo), liquid, insignificant risk. Three classes [107. 10]: Operating, Investing, Financing. Direct or indirect [. 18]; if direct, AU still needs a profit->CFO reconciliation [1054. 16]. GROUP ISSUE: ACQUIRING A SUB MID-YEAR CASH TO ACQUIRE A SUB (INVESTING) = Cash consideration - cash & equivalents acquired WITH the sub (net outflow if cash paid > cash acquired) When reconstructing notional consolidated ledgers (AR, inventory, payables, PPE, tax), add the sub's opening balances as an "acquisition effect" so they aren't mistaken for operating flows. RECEIPTS (E. G. AR)[27]Source: asksia-cheatsheet-acct6010.pdfGain elimination + tax, plus a depreciation correction - the buyer over-depreciates the inflated transfer price, so reverse the excess each year: Dr Gain on sale Cr Asset (to original CA) + Dr DTA/Cr ITE Dr Accum dep Cr Depreciation exp (excess each yr) Dr Income tax exp Cr DTA (unwind as gain realises) WORKED . DEPRECIABLE PPE Bowen sells machinery to Larsen for $260 (CA to group $200 => gain $60); 4 yrs left. Year 1: Dr Gain 60 / Cr Machinery 60; Dr DTA 18 / Cr ITE 18. Excess dep'n = 60+4 = $15/yr => Dr Accum dep 15 / Cr Depreciation exp 15; Dr ITE 4. 5 / Cr DTA 4. 5. By year 4 the deferred gain is fully realised through use. Trap: for PPE the gain realises by use - adjust both accum dep & dep expense each year; prior years go to ORE. If sold externally before fully depreciated, recognise any remaining unrealised gain then. SIA - Land realises only on external sale; depreciable PPE realises progressively via depreciation. Miss the depreciation- correction leg and the inflated transfer price stays buried in the group's expense. 6 · NCI C6 . AASB 10/3 Entity concept [AASB 10 App A]: NCI = equity of the group not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the parent = part of group equity (not a liability, not excluded). Group still reports 100% of net assets; equity splits into Parent Interest + NCI. P&L shows profit attributable to NCI [101. 81B]; SoFP shows NCI in equity [101. 54(q)]; PI = consolidated total - NCI. FULL VS PARTIAL GOODWILL [3. 19] Choice per business combination: GOODWILL = CONSID + NCI - FVINA Partial: NCI = NCI% x FVINA Full: NCI = FV of the NCI shares Full method => NCI carries its goodwill = total goodwill higher; impairment then hits NCI differently. The full-method NCI fair value may embed a control premium, so it is not simply NCI% x the parent's price per share. THE 3-STEP NCI MEMORANDUM An allocation (not separate journals), by equity component, on the sub's equity adjusted for after-tax FVAs & after removing unrealised profits: 1. At DOA = NCI% x (capital + reserves + RE + BCVR), all @ DOA 2. DOA -> start of current year = NCI% x change in sub equity to the beginning of the year 3. Current year = NCI% x current profit (& OCI), adjusted for current UPP & FVA dep'n NCI in SoFP = Step1 + Step2 + Step3 - NCI share of sub dividends. NCI share of profit (income statement) = the Step-3 profit piece. WORKED . LARSEN 25% NCI Equity@DOA 700 + BCVR 70 = 770 Step1 = 25% x 770 = 192. 5 Step2 = 25% x ARE (DOA-start yr) say 120 = 30 Step3 = 25% x current profit 160 (post-adjust) = 40

9）你告诉我一个信息，我就能把“复习重点”继续细化成：一页一页 A4 模板 + 训练题套路

• A 控制（control）情景判断
• B goodwill / FVINA / measurement period
• C BCVR + 折旧 + ORE 改道（Year 2+）
• D intra-group（inventory / PPE / tax / upstream-downstream）
• E NCI 三步备查（full vs partial）
• F 外币/分部/现金流（breadth）