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Biology
Posted 5 months ago

It is estimated that the European bison once numbered 60 million animals, but was almost driven to extinction by humans in the late 1800s. The population of several thousand alive today is descended from 12 animals and the gene frequencies in this population are very different from those in bison populations several hundred years ago-the population has evolved. How would you describe this pattern of evolution?
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Answer from Sia
Posted 5 months ago
Answer
The pattern of evolution in the European bison population is an example of a genetic bottleneck.
Solution
a
Genetic bottleneck: This occurs when a population's size is significantly reduced for at least one generation, leading to a loss of genetic variation
b
Founder effect: The surviving population, descended from a small number of individuals, may have different gene frequencies compared to the original population
Key Concept
Genetic bottleneck
Explanation
The European bison population experienced a drastic reduction in numbers, leading to a genetic bottleneck. This resulted in a loss of genetic diversity and altered gene frequencies in the surviving population.

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