City University of Hong Kong · FACULTY OF MARKETING

MKT5610 Marketing Strategy & Planning

- one subject, every graph, every model, every mark
13 Chapters78-page Bible
Our own words - no uploaded lecturer files
Updated for this semester
The Complete Study & Assessment Guide · Sem A 2026/27

MKT5610 Overview

Marketing Strategy & Planning
— Name the decision, find the constraint, then show the number that makes your recommendation the right one.
  • City University of Hong Kong
  • Semester A 2026/27
  • Postgraduate course
  • Department of Marketing
  • No final examination

What this course is actually asking you to do

MKT5610 is a postgraduate course in the Department of Marketing at City University of Hong Kong, taught through lectures, case analysis, videos, class discussions and problem reviews, with Canvas used alongside them.

  • Assessed by Five components and no written paper: class participation at fifteen per cent, in-class activities at thirty, a group idea and presentation at fifteen, an online implementation at thirty, and an individual self-reflection at ten.
  • The skill being tested Reaching a recommendation a marker could act on, and showing the number or the mechanism that makes it the right one.
  • Hardest step Choosing and validating the group idea early enough that the store has two months of operation behind it when the report is due.
  • Pass condition A minimum attendance rate of 70% is required to pass the course, and students must also pass the coursework components to be awarded a pass; the numeric threshold for that second condition is not stated in the course materials. Confirm both on the course Canvas page.
  • Where to confirm Submission formats, deadlines and platform rules for both group components are announced on Canvas and in class.
MKT5610 · City University of Hong Kong
An independent, AskSia-authored study guide. AskSia is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by City University of Hong Kong; the course code and name are used for identification only.
Assessment

How MKT5610 is assessed

ComponentWeightFormat
Class Participation and Discussion · hurdle15%Individual. Assessed across every class discussion
In-class activities30%Individual. Includes a product selection competition, store decoration and content build-up
Innovative Idea Development & Marketing Plan Presentation15%Group. A validated business or marketing proposal plus a business presentation
Online Marketing Implementation30%Group. Roughly two months operating an online store, then a final business report
Self-Reflection10%Individual. Structured around four named dimensions

The syllabus lists these five components and they total 100%. Two things are worth knowing before you plan your effort.

First, the appendix to the same syllabus restates two of the weights differently, putting in-class activities at 25% and the innovative idea component at 25%, which would total 105%. The table above follows the assessment table, because that is the one carrying an explicit total of 100%, and you should confirm the current split on Canvas before allocating effort between the two.

Second, attendance is a pass condition and not only a share of the participation mark. A minimum attendance rate of 70% is required to pass the course, and students must also pass the coursework components to be awarded a pass; the numeric threshold for that second condition is not stated in the course materials. Confirm both on the course Canvas page. No per-component hurdle is stated anywhere in the course materials, so the hurdle flag above appears only on the row the syllabus attaches the attendance requirement to. Submission formats and deadlines for both group components are announced through Canvas and in class.

Assessment structure

15%30%15%30%10%Sixty of the hundred marks are earned live, in class or in a running store
Current dates · verify in LMS

Current MKT5610 dates

DateItemControl
14 September 2026Segmentation, targeting and positioning exerciseDue date shown on the submission point on the course site for this offering.
17 September 2026In-class exercise on product strategyDue date shown on the submission point on the course site for this offering.
18 September 2026Marketing intelligence exerciseDue date shown on the submission point on the course site for this offering.
18 September 2026Product selection challengeDue date shown on the submission point on the course site for this offering.
19 December 2026Peer evaluationDue date shown on the submission point on the course site for this offering.

Dates are as published in the submission points on the course site for this offering. Confirm exact deadlines and submission settings in the live LMS.

Contents · every chapter, one map

What MKT5610 covers

Thirteen chapters follow the published class schedule through its five lettered sections, from the fundamentals of marketing strategy and case analysis, through competitor, industry and customer analysis, segmentation, targeting and positioning, and the program decisions of product, brand, price, communication and channel, to customer experience management.

01

Fundamentals of Marketing Strategy and Case Analysis

the six course objectives and what each one asks you to do · strategy against program · reading a case for the constraint before the objective · marketing ethics as an assessed outcome

Six objectives, and four of them are verbs about deciding

The course states its objectives in an order that is also its argument.

  • Six course objectives and the intended learning outcomes behind them
  • Marketing strategy, program and plan as three different objects
  • The case method, and why the recommendation has to be your own
  • Reading for the constraint before reading for the objective
  • Recommendations that name the alternative they rejected
  • Incomplete information as the working condition rather than an excuse
02

Competitive and Industry Analysis

substitutes against alternatives · strategic groups and what they hide · convergence on competing factors · reading a share figure as a ratio with two moving parts

Deciding who you compete with is the decision

The schedule puts competitive analysis and industrial and company analysis in the same class, and neither answers a question alone.

  • Tools for competing in existing industry conditions
  • Head-to-head posture against boundary crossing, on six dimensions
  • Substitutes and alternatives, and which report each one appears in
  • Strategic groups and the within-group ranking trap
  • Company analysis worked backwards from a buyer decision
  • Convergence on competing factors as the thing an analysis looks for
03

Reconstructing Market Boundaries

six principles and the risk each lowers · the six paths · the strategy canvas and the four actions grid · three tiers of non-customers · the four sequential viability gates

Six principles, each paired with the risk it lowers

The teaching material sets out four principles for formulating a strategy and two for executing it, and pairs each with a named risk. Reconstructing market boundaries lowers search risk.

  • Six principles and the risk factor each one lowers
  • The six paths, and the boundary each crosses
  • Substitutes and alternatives as the basis of the first path
  • The chain of buyers, and moving an industry's attention along it
  • The strategy canvas, and reading a value curve as a shape
  • Eliminate, reduce, raise and create, and why cost saving comes from the left
04

Customer Analysis and Customer Equity

purchaser, influencer and user as three roles · the four inputs to customer value and which of them multiply · why acquisition absorbs attention it has not earned

Customers as an asset that does not appear on a balance sheet

The course reading on this topic starts from company valuation rather than from marketing: the financial value of a firm increasingly depends on intangible assets held off the balance sheet, and the most critical of those is its customers, so putting a value on customers is what makes it possible to put a value on a company, including one growing fast while still losing money.

  • Customers as off-balance-sheet intangible assets
  • Purchaser, user and influencer as three roles in one purchase
  • Moving an industry's attention along the chain of buyers
  • The four inputs to customer value and which of them compound
  • Why acquisition spending attracts attention it has not earned
  • A lifetime value figure as a decision rule rather than a forecast
05

Market Segmentation and Targeting

segmenting on need against segmenting on what is visible · finding a proxy · four questions that reject a segment · turning a rating distribution into an importance weight

The right basis is the one you cannot see

The course reading states the position immediately: a good way to segment customers is on their differences in needs or preferences, for instance between price-sensitive and price-insensitive buyers, and yet it is not always easy to identify those segments.

  • Segmenting on needs or preferences, and the identification problem it creates
  • Segmentation, targeting and positioning as three separate decisions
  • Proxy variables, and the trade between accuracy and cost of observation
  • Micromarket detection, and why a coarse cut hides variation
  • Four questions that reject a candidate segment
  • Converting a rating distribution into an importance weight
06

Competitive Positioning and Perceptual Mapping

positioning as projecting an image · the semantic differential and the two-dimensional map · weighted attribute scores · changing a rating against changing a weight

Positioning is inferred from segments, not chosen for a product

The course exercise states three objectives: to fix positioning as the projection of an image, to show that a single product can hold different positions for different segments, and to walk through separating those segments and reading off the distinct position each one implies.

  • Positioning as projecting an image to a defined comparison set
  • One product carrying different positions for different segments
  • The semantic differential profile and what crossings mean
  • The two-dimensional map and the cost of choosing axes
  • Empty space as a hypothesis with three possible explanations
  • Weighted attribute scores and decomposing the gap to the leader
07

Product Strategy and Line Extension Economics

the incremental frame and what it excludes · cannibalisation charged as lost contribution · break-even volume and its two blind spots · reporting a close decision with its thresholds

The topic where the course becomes arithmetic

The course materials are explicit that break-even analysis is a tool to be comfortable with because it recurs in almost every case analysis, and the in-class exercise on product strategy is built on exactly that.

  • Break-even analysis as a recurring tool across case work
  • The incremental frame, and what a big familiar number is doing in it
  • Contribution per unit against fixed cost recovery
  • Cannibalisation charged as forgone contribution rather than as lost units
  • Why a higher price can win by taking less from your own line
  • Break-even volume, and its two blind spots
08

Brand Equity and Brand Strategy

awareness, perceived quality, associations and loyalty · double jeopardy and brand penetration · five decisions that spend equity and look free in the month they are taken

An argument about the firm, not about communication

The course reading on this topic treats brands as a source of value to the company, sets out the components of brand equity and asks how they are managed.

  • Brands as a source of firm value held off the balance sheet
  • Awareness, perceived quality, associations and loyalty as four components
  • Diagnosing to a component before prescribing a budget
  • The double jeopardy pattern and the mediating role of penetration
  • What follows for a growth plan that proposes deepening loyalty
  • Five decisions that spend equity and look free in the month taken
09

Pricing Strategy and Competitive Price Dynamics

price elasticity against advertising elasticity · the four properties of the profit-price curve · expert judgement, conjoint measurement and observed behaviour · skimming against penetration · three responses to entry

A price problem is usually not a price problem

The course reading opens with that warning rather than with a method.

  • Price elasticity against advertising elasticity, and what follows
  • Four properties of the profit-price curve and the practice each overturns
  • Expert judgement, and the procedure that makes it more than opinion
  • Why asking buyers directly produces an unrealistically price-conscious answer
  • Conjoint measurement and perceived value expressed in price terms
  • Observing behaviour, through experiment and through historical records
10

Communication Strategy and User Contribution Systems

a consistent approach to communicating with customers · active against passive contribution · why crowd-sourcing is not a contribution system · five motives and what each asks of the design

Consistency is the task, and it is harder than it sounds

The course note on communication policy states it in one line: designing a consistent approach to communicating with customers.

  • A consistent approach to communicating with customers
  • Active and passive contribution, and the four things a system aggregates
  • The definition, and why little or no intervention is load-bearing
  • Cost, scalability and network effects, and which of the three is durable
  • Crowd-sourcing as a company standing between input and output
  • Five contributor motivations and the design each one implies
11

Channel Governance and Sales Force Control

governance as initiation, maintenance and termination · market, unilateral and bilateral as ideal types · eight dimensions on which they differ · transaction-specific assets and performance ambiguity · salary against commission

Governance is five verbs, not a choice of channel

The course reading defines governance as the institutional framework within which contracts are initiated, negotiated, monitored, adapted and terminated.

  • Governance as initiation, maintenance and termination processes
  • Market, unilateral hierarchical and bilateral as three ideal types
  • Eight dimensions on which the three forms systematically differ
  • Authority between firms, with franchising as the standard case
  • Plural governance, and bringing one form to bear on another
  • Transaction-specific assets and open-ended relationships
12

Customer Experience and Retention Economics

the gulf between satisfied and completely satisfied · why a mean conceals the group that predicts behaviour · defection as a late but honest measurement · auditing six experience stages against six utility levers

The gulf between satisfied and completely satisfied

One of the course readings states the problem in a sentence: the distance between a satisfied customer and a completely satisfied one is wide enough to sink a company.

  • The gulf between satisfied and completely satisfied customers
  • Why an average conceals the group whose behaviour follows their opinion
  • Retention and defection in the lifetime value calculation
  • Defection as recorded behaviour, and its timing problem
  • Leading indicators computable from records you already hold
  • Breaking service quality into components that can be acted on
13

Marketing Intelligence from Platform Data

focal brands and matched comparators · verified accounts only · collecting to the last page · schema fidelity and why it makes a collection poolable · recording the failures

The marks are in the design, not in the tool

One of the graded activities asks you to assemble a body of public platform material: posts from a set of brand accounts, and product listings with their reviews from an online marketplace.

  • Focal brands and self-selected comparators, chosen by rule
  • Verified accounts as a construct validity requirement
  • Collecting to the last page, and why stopping early biases the sample
  • Comparable product pairs at similar price, never duplicated
  • Recording failures rather than dropping them silently
  • Schema fidelity, and what makes a collection poolable

Its published objectives run from acquiring advanced knowledge of marketing philosophy and principles, through assessing market opportunities by analysing customers, competitors and a company's own strengths and weaknesses, to designing and implementing an effective marketing plan and applying marketing ethics in real business encounters.

Four of the six objectives are verbs about deciding, and the assessment matches: none of it is a written paper. You are marked on what you contribute in class, on a competition run against a clock, on a business presentation, on a store your group actually operates, and on a reflection about how you decided.

How the thirteen topics are arranged

The class schedule runs twelve classes across five lettered sections.

Section A introduces the fundamentals of marketing strategy. Section B analyses the market through competitive analysis, industrial and company analysis, and customer analysis. Section C formulates strategy through market segmentation and targeting and then competitive positioning.

Section D designs the marketing program and carries six of the thirteen topics: product, brand, pricing, communication, channel and sales management. Section E closes on customer experience management and a course summary.

The instructor reserves the right to adjust the schedule, so treat the order as reliable and any particular class number as provisional.

Where the difficulty actually sits

Not in the frameworks. Most of them are a page each and none is hard to state.

The difficulty is that this course is assessed on decisions taken under time pressure with incomplete information, and the two group components are sequenced rather than parallel: an idea has to clear a validation step before implementation begins, and the store then needs roughly two months of operation to produce anything worth reporting. A group that settles its idea late does not lose marks on the idea.

It loses them on the implementation report, because there is nothing to report.

The pass conditions sit outside the assessment table

A minimum attendance rate of 70% is required to pass the course, and students must also pass the coursework components to be awarded a pass; the numeric threshold for that second condition is not stated in the course materials. Confirm both on the course Canvas page.

Neither condition is a hurdle on any single component, and no exemption mechanism is published, so treat the attendance figure as a floor to stay well clear of rather than a target to approach.

Note also that Zoom and online attendance are not available for this course.

Two things to set up in the first fortnight

A decision log, because the self-reflection is organised around options considered, evidence that changed a decision, verifiable individual contributions and transferable methods, and all four are easy to write from notes taken at the time and close to impossible to reconstruct honestly at the end.

And a habit of attaching a number to every claim, because the criterion that separates a strong presentation from an adequate one is whether the group can say what its plan assumes and how wrong that assumption can be before the plan fails.

Worked example · free

Decide a line extension on incremental profit

Q [9 marks]. AskSia-authored practice. A campus snack brand sells one bar at HK$12 with a variable cost of HK$7 and annual fixed costs of HK$240,000, moving 90,000 bars a year. A protein bar would carry HK$300,000 of its own fixed costs and a variable cost of HK$9, and sharing the packing line would cut the original bar's fixed costs to HK$200,000. At HK$16 it expects 40,000 units, a quarter of them taken from existing bar buyers. Should it launch? The marks shown are an AskSia study allocation and are not the University's marking scheme.
The shape the pattern takes.The shape the pattern takes. Both coordinates move together, so a brand cannot sit in the upper left. The devoted small brand of marketing folklore is mostly not there to be found.Fewer buyers, and each of them buying less often: the double penaltyShare of buyers reachedPurchases per buyerfew buyers, and they buy rarelymany buyers, buying oftenIllustrative shape, drawn to show the pattern rather than any measured market.
The shape the pattern takes. Both coordinates move together, so a brand cannot sit in the upper left. The devoted small brand of marketing folklore is mostly not there to be found.
  • 2Compute the new line's contribution: unit contribution of HK$7 across 40,000 units, or HK$280,000.
  • 3Charge the cannibalisation: 10,000 units at the original bar's HK$5 contribution, a loss of HK$50,000.
  • 2Compute incremental fixed cost: HK$300,000 of new spending less the HK$40,000 saved, or HK$260,000.
  • 2Combine and report the threshold: HK$280,000 less HK$50,000 less HK$260,000 is negative HK$30,000, and about 4,300 more units would reverse it.
Negative HK$30,000, so the launch does not pay for itself at HK$16 on these figures. The useful part of the answer is how close it is: the decision reverses on roughly 4,300 additional units or on about three percentage points less cannibalisation, so the volume forecast is the assumption worth testing rather than the cost structure.
Sia tip — Cannibalised units are not lost units. The company still earns the new line's contribution on them, so the charge is the old line's unit contribution, not the old price and not the unit.
Glossary

Key terms

Marketing Program
The set of product, brand, price, communication and channel decisions that deliver a chosen strategy. It is assessed on whether the pieces reinforce each other, which is a separate question from whether the strategy behind them is sound.
Strategic Group
A cluster of firms inside one industry whose strategies resemble each other. Rankings inside a group say nothing about whether the group itself is gaining or losing against the industry around it.
Alternative
A product or service with a different form and a different function that serves the same purpose, in the way a cinema and a restaurant both answer the question of what to do with an evening. Losing buyers to one shrinks the industry rather than moving share within it.
Value Curve
A brand's profile drawn across the factors an industry competes on. A curve that sits above a rival at every point describes a company competing harder rather than differently.
Non-Customer Tier
One of three groups not currently buying: those on the edge of the market, those who have consciously refused it, and those in distant markets who have never considered it. The first tier is the cheapest to convert and gives the most reliable reasons.
Customer Lifetime Value
The margin on each purchase multiplied by purchase frequency and by the length of the relationship, less the cost of acquisition. Three of those four inputs multiply and only the last is subtracted once.
Proxy Variable
Something observable at the moment of an offer that correlates with the unobservable need a segmentation is built on. Every workable segmentation in practice runs on one, and an imperfect proxy is more useful than a perfect segment nobody can address.
Weighted Attribute Score
A brand's rating on each benefit multiplied by that benefit's importance weight, summed across benefits. Its value lies in decomposing the gap to the leader rather than in the ranking it produces.
Incremental Profit
The difference a decision makes between two worlds: new contribution, less contribution destroyed elsewhere, less the fixed cost the decision causes. Anything unchanged between the two worlds is irrelevant however large it is.
User Contribution System
A method, usually internet-based, that aggregates what people supply and converts it into something useful to other people with little or no company intervention. If a person approves each item, the thing scales with staff rather than with participation.
Bilateral Governance
A relationship organised through joint planning, overlapping roles and mutual adjustment, enforced by mutuality of interest rather than by authority or by the legal system. It is a distinct form and not a midpoint between market and hierarchy.
FAQ

MKT5610 FAQ

How is this course assessed if there is no written paper?

Through five components that total one hundred per cent. Class participation and discussion carries fifteen per cent and is individual. In-class activities carry thirty per cent, also individual, and include a product selection competition alongside store decoration and content build-up. A group innovative idea with a marketing plan presentation carries fifteen.

An online marketing implementation, in which a group operates a store for roughly two months, carries thirty. An individual self-reflection carries ten. Note that the appendix to the syllabus restates two of those weights differently, so confirm the current split on Canvas before allocating effort.

Is attendance compulsory, and what happens if I fall short?

A minimum attendance rate of 70% is required to pass the course, and students must also pass the coursework components to be awarded a pass; the numeric threshold for that second condition is not stated in the course materials. Confirm both on the course Canvas page. The syllabus also states that students need to meet the attendance requirement of the Department of Marketing for completion of the course.

No exemption mechanism and no consequence short of failing is published in the course materials, and Zoom and online attendance are not available, so plan around being physically present in every class.

What do the two group components actually involve?

They are sequenced rather than parallel. First a group develops an innovative business idea aimed at the campus student market, presented in a professional format, and puts it through a brief validation before selection: either at least five short interviews or a quick survey with the intended segment, or a benchmark against two or three alternative solutions on differentiation, feasibility and barriers to entry.

Then the group operates an online store for approximately two months, monitoring performance and adjusting, and reports outcomes in a final business report.

What is the in-class competition and how is it graded?

The syllabus describes a cross-border e-commerce simulation in which you act as a new seller on a newly launched platform station, with competitive product selection as the main task and shop building as a supporting activity. Its stated grading criteria are startup execution, market performance ranking and strategic discussion quality, with up to two bonus points for exceptional performance and insight.

Three of those four are not about the sales result, so prepare an account of your selection logic rather than relying on the scoreboard.

How much time does the online store really need?

The syllabus expects groups to operate an online store or business for approximately two months and to demonstrate accountable execution and learning through implementation, including store setup, listing, customer-facing communication, ongoing performance monitoring and adjustment.

That window is the binding constraint on the whole project, because a store started late cannot produce the performance history the final report is assessed on. Settle the idea and clear the validation step in the first month of the semester.

What does the marketing intelligence collection task require?

It asks for a body of public platform material assembled to a specification: posts from a set of brand accounts made up of assigned focal brands and self-selected competitors, and product listings with their reviews from an online marketplace, each assigned product paired with one comparable competitor.

The rules that matter are same category, officially verified accounts rather than imitation or fan pages, collection continuing to the last page, and files matching the supplied templates field by field. Failures are recorded in an error file rather than dropped silently.

How should the self-reflection be organised?

Around the four dimensions the syllabus names, and literally rather than chronologically. The decision process means the options you considered and the rationale for the final choice. Evidence-based iteration means what data or feedback informed a change and what was revised. Individual contribution and collaboration means your role and contributions in a form someone else could verify.

Transferable learning means a reusable method or principle. A reflection organised week by week touches all four accidentally and none of them fully.

Can I use AI tools, and under what conditions?

Yes, within a stated policy. The syllabus encourages the use of AI and generative AI tools to enhance learning provided educational outcomes are not compromised, and names six permitted tools covering text generation and brainstorming, grammar checking, plagiarism detection, citation generation, paraphrasing and visual content.

Three conditions attach: AI-generated content is prohibited for final submissions, original work must be provided alongside any AI assistance, and AI use must be cited in the suggested style with an explanation of why the output was used.

Chapter questions

Questions students ask in each MKT5610 chapter

What is the difference between a marketing strategy and a marketing plan?
A strategy is the choice of who to serve and on what basis to beat the alternatives they are weighing. A plan is a document that commits to a strategy, sets out the program that delivers it, allocates resources and names who does what by when. You can hold a strategy without a plan, and many student submissions produce a plan with no strategy inside it, which reads as a list of activities with no reason why those activities rather than others. Chapter 01 · Fundamentals of Marketing Strategy and Case Analysis
How do I tell a substitute from an alternative, and does it matter?
A substitute differs in form but performs the same function, so a buyer choosing between them is solving the same problem a different way. An alternative differs in form and in function while serving the same underlying purpose. It matters because the two show up differently in your data: a buyer lost to a substitute appears as share moving inside the industry, while a buyer lost to an alternative appears as the industry getting smaller, and only the second is invisible in a share report. Chapter 02 · Competitive and Industry Analysis
Do I have to work through all six paths for every business?
No, and trying to is the common way the tool wastes an afternoon. Each path asks a different question and most return nothing for any given business. Two are usually live. The productive approach is to read the six, notice which one makes you think of something specific about your own case, and pursue that one properly rather than producing a shallow paragraph against each heading. Chapter 03 · Reconstructing Market Boundaries
Why does a customer value calculation matter if the number will be wrong?
Because it is not a forecast. It answers a bounded question: is this acquisition worth making, and up to what ceiling. A figure that is wrong by thirty per cent still settles that question in most cases, and the ranking of the four inputs it produces is robust to far larger errors than the figure itself. State the retention assumption alongside the number and it survives scrutiny. Chapter 04 · Customer Analysis and Customer Equity
Why not just segment on something I can actually see, like year of study?
Because the groups you get will be reachable and internally mixed, so the offer aimed at each has to be broad enough to suit everybody in it, and broad offers are what segmentation was meant to escape. Keep the basis that predicts behaviour and hunt for something observable that tracks it. That hunt is most of the practical work and it is the part a plan usually leaves out entirely. Chapter 05 · Market Segmentation and Targeting
Why does one product need more than one position?
Because a position is relative to what a segment is comparing you against, and different segments compare you against different things. The same bakery is the fresh option to someone weighing it against a supermarket and the expensive option to someone weighing it against a convenience store. Nothing about the product changed. This is why the exercise asks for positions per group rather than one position for the product. Chapter 06 · Competitive Positioning and Perceptual Mapping
Why is revenue not part of this calculation?
Because revenue is not money the company keeps, and the decision turns on what is left after the variable cost of producing each unit. Revenue is also the largest and most prominent number in a problem of this shape, which is exactly why it is the most common wrong starting point. Begin from unit contribution instead and the four quantities that matter fall out in order. Chapter 07 · Product Strategy and Line Extension Economics
How do I tell which component of brand equity is the weak one?
Ask what would happen if the name were removed from the packaging and everything else stayed the same. A brand whose sales would be unaffected has awareness and nothing more. A brand whose price would have to fall has perceived quality. A brand whose next launch would suddenly need a full introduction has associations. A brand whose buyers would simply take the nearest alternative has no loyalty, whatever its repeat rate suggests. Chapter 08 · Brand Equity and Brand Strategy
Why is asking customers what they would pay a bad way to set a price?
Because a price considered on its own makes people far more price-focused than they are in a real purchase, where they weigh what the price buys against what the product offers. The question changes the thing it is trying to measure. A choice-based approach that embeds price inside whole product profiles preserves the trade-off, and the value of each attribute is then derived from the pattern of choices rather than stated directly. Chapter 09 · Pricing Strategy and Competitive Price Dynamics
What separates a user contribution system from an ordinary feedback form?
Whether the output is aggregated and made useful to other people without someone approving each item. A feedback form sends information to the company and stops. A contribution system converts what one user supplies into something a different user benefits from, in real time. The company keeps control of the design and may change it, but it does not stand in the path of each individual contribution. Chapter 10 · Communication Strategy and User Contribution Systems
Is bilateral governance just a friendlier version of a contract?
No, and the reading is explicit that treating it as a midpoint between market and hierarchy is the error the typology exists to prevent. It runs on a different mechanism: obligations are upheld because the relationship is worth more to each party than the gain from defecting, not because an authority can compel compliance or a court can enforce a clause. That is a distinct machine, and it requires different setup work. Chapter 11 · Channel Governance and Sales Force Control
If our satisfaction score is good, why would customers still be leaving?
Because a good average is compatible with most of your customers being merely satisfied, and merely satisfied customers leave as soon as something easier appears. The relationship between satisfaction and staying is nearly flat across the middle of the scale and steep only at the top, so the group that predicts retention is the one scoring at the very top, and a mean tells you nothing about how large that group is. Chapter 12 · Customer Experience and Retention Economics
Why do the comparator rules matter so much if the tool does the collecting?
Because the tool cannot repair a badly chosen set. If a comparator differs from the focal brand in category, in size and in authenticity at once, then any difference the analysis later finds is confounded with all three and can be attributed to none of them. The rules exist to hold everything constant except the thing being compared, and that is the only part of the task where your judgement changes the result. Chapter 13 · Marketing Intelligence from Platform Data
Study strategy

How to prepare for the assessments

Carry one business you can actually observe through every chapter, and answer that chapter's question about it before reading the chapter's own answer. A shop on campus works better than a large company, because you can check what you conclude. Then practise the two moves the whole assessment is built on.

Write your recommendation in one line, write underneath it the strongest alternative and the condition under which that alternative would have won, and write the one number that, if wrong by a stated amount, would reverse you.

Twenty minutes on paper doing that is worth more than a second pass through the readings, because it is the only exercise that rehearses what a graded class hour, a business presentation and a self-reflection all ask for.

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