University of Melbourne · S2 2026 · FACULTY OF ARTS & HUMANITIES

MUSI10223 Sound in Performance

- one subject, every graph, every model, every mark
8 Chapters109-page Bible
Our own words - no uploaded lecturer files
Built to mirror S2 2026 · updated this semester
The Complete Study & Assessment Guide · Semester 2 2026

MUSI10223 Overview

Sound in Performance
— listen closely, design intentionally, operate reliably
  • The University of Melbourne
  • Semester 2 2026
  • 8 chapters
  • Arts and Humanities

Sound in Performance develops sound as an artistic medium for performance.

  • Assessed by Assignment 1: Sound/World 30% · Assignment 2: Live Sound Design Performance 30% + 3 more — Hurdle Requirement: Students must attend a minimum of both 75% of all scheduled lectures and 75% of all scheduled classes., Hurdle Requirement: Students must submit all elements of assessment to be eligible for a pass in this subject. are a hurdle
  • Key terms Critical listening, Timbre, Dynamic range, Gain staging
  • Assessment move Use a repeating evidence-to-operation cycle: listen and describe, compare alternatives, choose one relation, document the decision…
  • Most asked What are the attendance and submission hurdles?
MUSI10223 · The University of Melbourne
An independent, AskSia-authored study guide. AskSia is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by The University of Melbourne; the course code and name are used for identification only.
Assessment

How MUSI10223 is assessed

ComponentWeightFormat
Assignment 1: Sound/World30%Written observation and analysis of a sound environment, developed into an original audio composition and artist statement
Assignment 2: Live Sound Design Performance30%Live-operated sound design supporting a short scripted performance, built and cued using SoundCue
Assignment 3: Sound Design from Non-Sonic Stimulus40%Interactive oral presentation of a sound design concept responding to a non-sonic stimulus, with submitted research, written rationale and sonic demonstration
Hurdle Requirement: Students must attend a minimum of both 75% of all scheduled lectures and 75% of all scheduled classes. · hurdleThroughout the teaching period
Hurdle Requirement: Students must submit all elements of assessment to be eligible for a pass in this subject. · hurdleEvery assessment must be complete and constitute a genuine attempt
Contents · every chapter, one map

What MUSI10223 covers

Follow sound from perception and history into recording, editing, audiovisual meaning, synthesis and live cue practice.

01

Listening and Sound Vocabulary

Listening before labelling; Pressure waves and perception; Frequency and pitch; Amplitude and dynamics.

This chapter builds the descriptive language used throughout Sound in Performance. It begins with sound as perceived variation in air pressure, then separates frequency from pitch, amplitude from perceived volume, and fixed level from dynamics over time.

  • Listening before labelling
  • Pressure waves and perception
  • Frequency and pitch
  • Amplitude and dynamics
  • Timbre and harmonics
  • Duration, rhythm and pulse
02

Sound and Performance Histories

Before recorded playback; Architecture as an acoustic tool; Mechanical stage effects; Voice, music and ritual.

This chapter follows theatrical sound from oral and ritual performance through acoustic architecture, mechanical effects, recording and contemporary multimedia practice.

  • Before recorded playback
  • Architecture as an acoustic tool
  • Mechanical stage effects
  • Voice, music and ritual
  • Realism and subtle cues
  • Recorded sound enters theatre
03

Field Recording and Digital Audio

Plan the recording intention; Choose a microphone pattern; Place before processing; Set a safe gain stage.

This studio chapter treats field recording as a chain of decisions made before editing begins. It distinguishes condenser microphone behaviour, polar patterns, on-axis placement and proximity effect, then compares spaced-pair and X/Y stereo configurations.

  • Plan the recording intention
  • Choose a microphone pattern
  • Place before processing
  • Set a safe gain stage
  • Monitor the actual signal
  • Build a stereo image
04

Technology for Live Performance

Technology as creative partner; Acoustic and mechanical systems; Recorded media and repeatability; Magnetic tape and montage.

This chapter asks how each recording and playback format changes what a theatre maker can compose, cue and repeat. Mechanical records captured vibration in a physical groove but offered limited duration and awkward cue access.

  • Technology as creative partner
  • Acoustic and mechanical systems
  • Recorded media and repeatability
  • Magnetic tape and montage
  • Amplification and public address
  • Digital audio and control
05

Editing and Mixing Soundscapes

Listen before touching controls; Organise the session; Select the strongest takes; Trim without damaging meaning.

This chapter develops a complete mixing workflow in Reaper, beginning with session organisation and critical listening rather than effects.

  • Listen before touching controls
  • Organise the session
  • Select the strongest takes
  • Trim without damaging meaning
  • Fade boundaries and joins
  • Arrange a coherent soundscape
06

Sound, Image and Audiovisual Meaning

Images do not arrive silently; The audiovisual contract; Synchronisation binds events; Causal listening.

This chapter examines how sound and image produce meaning together rather than operating as independent channels.

  • Images do not arrive silently
  • The audiovisual contract
  • Synchronisation binds events
  • Causal listening
  • Semantic listening
  • Reduced listening
07

Synthesis for Performance

Electronic sound as performance material; Oscillators and waveform choice; Pitch and tuning; Amplitude and the signal path.

This chapter builds sounds from the modules of a subtractive synthesiser. Oscillators generate repeating waveforms, and waveform choice establishes the starting timbre.

  • Electronic sound as performance material
  • Oscillators and waveform choice
  • Pitch and tuning
  • Amplitude and the signal path
  • Shape time with an envelope
  • Filter the spectrum
08

Music, Scripts and Live Cues

Musical meaning is culturally learned; Familiarity and novelty; Read the whole story first; Mark explicit sounds.

This chapter turns a script into a live sound design that another operator can run. The sound designer's reading process listens for what is explicit and what the text leaves open.

  • Musical meaning is culturally learned
  • Familiarity and novelty
  • Read the whole story first
  • Mark explicit sounds
  • Build the environment
  • Trace emotional cues

The available teaching materials support critical listening, sound vocabulary, performance histories, field recording, digital audio, editing, mixing, sound-image relationships, synthesis, musical meaning, script analysis and live cue operation.

Coverage note: this guide teaches the captured Weeks 1 to 6 in depth.

The subject outline also names later work on interactive systems, sites, composition, dramaturgy and final presentation, but those teaching materials were not available here. Use the current Canvas modules for those strands.

Across the chapters, the central method is consistent without reducing every problem to one answer.

Start by describing what is audible, then distinguish a physical source from a perceived quality and a culturally learned meaning. Use matched comparisons when recording, editing, mixing or programming a synthesizer so that the reason for a changed result remains clear. In live work, translate the successful artistic choice into an instruction with a trigger, action, timing, level relationship and fallback.

This makes the design discussable with performers and repeatable by an operator.

The guide also connects technical preparation to assessment practice. File organisation, monitoring, conservative gain, clean edit boundaries and rehearsal are not separate from artistic thinking: they protect the intended audience experience. Written explanation should therefore name evidence, explain a relationship and justify a decision.

Avoid unsupported mood labels. When a soundtrack feels tense, specify the spectrum, rhythm, envelope, spatial position or contrast that creates that reading, and acknowledge that cultural familiarity can change the response.

Worked example · free

From listening evidence to a design decision

Q [4 marks]. The marks used here are not an official university allocation. A quiet transition needs to feel less stable without covering speech. Propose and justify a sound treatment.
A visual decision map for tape makes sound editable.A visual decision map for tape makes sound editable.FLOW: Tape makes sound editable through linked decisionsRecordCutLoopFlipLayerMontageTape makes sound editable
Tape makes sound editable
A visual decision map for tape makes sound editable.
  • 1Describe the present sound and the speech range before changing anything.
  • 1Choose one controlled variable, such as texture density or spatial movement.
  • 1Make a matched-level comparison and explain the audience inference.
  • 1Write an operable cue with trigger, action, fade and fallback.
Begin with audible evidence, add one controlled change, test it against speech, and translate the successful version into a reproducible cue.
Sia tip — Name the audible feature before naming the emotion. Then state exactly what changes and how you will test it.
Glossary

Key terms

Critical listening
Purposeful attention to audible features, relationships and changes before interpretation.
Timbre
The character of a sound shaped by spectrum, harmonics and its behaviour over time.
Dynamic range
The span and variation between quieter and louder parts of a signal or performance.
Gain staging
Managing signal level through each stage to preserve clarity and useful headroom.
Polar pattern
A microphone’s directional sensitivity to sound arriving from different angles.
Soundscape
A designed or encountered sonic environment understood through its interacting layers.
Audiovisual contract
The perceptual agreement through which heard and seen events are treated as one scene.
Reduced listening
Attention to sonic qualities themselves rather than source or coded meaning.
Envelope
A time-varying control shape, commonly used to form the attack, decay, sustain and release of a sound.
Cue list
An ordered operational record of triggers, actions and playback changes for performance.
FAQ

MUSI10223 FAQ

How is the subject assessed?

The official structure has three weighted projects: Sound/World at 30%, Live Sound Design Performance at 30%, and Sound Design from Non-Sonic Stimulus at 40%. The current Canvas task pages control detailed instructions and operational dates.

What are the attendance and submission hurdles?

Students must attend at least 75% of scheduled lectures and at least 75% of scheduled classes. They must also submit every assessment element as a complete, genuine attempt to remain eligible for a pass.

How should I analyse a sound?

Begin with audible evidence such as spectrum, dynamics, timbre, duration, rhythm, texture and direction. Separate that description from inferred source and cultural meaning, then explain how the sound changes attention or interpretation.

What makes a field recording usable?

A clear intention, suitable microphone position, conservative gain, headphone monitoring, test playback, alternate takes, room tone, careful transfer and consistent file naming make recordings both technically usable and creatively flexible.

What is the safest editing and mixing order?

Organise and audition first, then select, trim, fade and arrange. Establish balance and spatial relationships before applying equalisation, dynamics or effects, and finish by checking the exported file through the intended playback path.

How do I practise synthesis effectively?

Change one control at a time. Start with waveform and pitch, shape amplitude with the envelope, filter the spectrum, then add modulation and effects. Save labelled versions so each audible difference remains traceable.

How does script analysis become a cue list?

Read first for story and world, then mark explicit sounds, environments, emotional cues and transitions. Convert chosen moments into sequential instructions that name the trigger, playback action, timing and expected result, then test them in rehearsal.

Chapter questions

Questions students ask in each MUSI10223 chapter

How do I use listening before labelling in a performance design?
Sound begins as variation in air pressure and becomes experience through perception. Timbre distinguishes sources that share pitch and level because their harmonic content and envelopes differ. For listening before labelling, make one controlled comparison and write down the audible difference, the intended audience inference and the exact operation a collaborator should rehearse. Chapter 01 · Listening and Sound Vocabulary
How do I use architecture as an acoustic tool in a performance design?
Architectural form shapes audibility, direction and intimacy, making space part of the sounding system. Modern drama moved from spectacular effects toward selective sounds that could carry psychological weight. For architecture as an acoustic tool, make one controlled comparison and write down the audible difference, the intended audience inference and the exact operation a collaborator should rehearse. Chapter 02 · Sound and Performance Histories
How do I use place before processing in a performance design?
Proximity changes low-frequency balance on directional microphones, so distance is a tonal decision. Spaced microphones create width through timing differences, while coincident microphones prioritise level differences and compatibility. For place before processing, make one controlled comparison and write down the audible difference, the intended audience inference and the exact operation a collaborator should rehearse. Chapter 03 · Field Recording and Digital Audio
How do I use magnetic tape and montage in a performance design?
Magnetic tape made rearrangement, layering, delay and loop-based construction practical creative operations. Software lowers access barriers while increasing the need for disciplined organisation and operator understanding. For magnetic tape and montage, make one controlled comparison and write down the audible difference, the intended audience inference and the exact operation a collaborator should rehearse. Chapter 04 · Technology for Live Performance
How do I use fade boundaries and joins in a performance design?
Fades prevent abrupt discontinuities and can also shape the perceived arrival and departure of an event. Panning and stereo width distribute attention, but spatial choices must support the imagined environment and playback context. For fade boundaries and joins, make one controlled comparison and write down the audible difference, the intended audience inference and the exact operation a collaborator should rehearse. Chapter 05 · Editing and Mixing Soundscapes
How do I use reduced listening in a performance design?
Reduced listening attends to sonic traits themselves, such as texture, spectrum, rhythm and envelope. Meaning emerges from the relation among sound, image, sequence, culture and audience expectation. For reduced listening, make one controlled comparison and write down the audible difference, the intended audience inference and the exact operation a collaborator should rehearse. Chapter 06 · Sound, Image and Audiovisual Meaning
How do I use resonance and character in a performance design?
Resonance emphasises energy near the cutoff and can make filter movement more audible and characterful. Effects such as delay, distortion and reverb extend a patch into space, repetition and altered texture. For resonance and character, make one controlled comparison and write down the audible difference, the intended audience inference and the exact operation a collaborator should rehearse. Chapter 07 · Synthesis for Performance
How do I use use three analytical passes in a performance design?
The three-read method moves from story, to obvious sound moments, to subtle thematic and structural possibilities. Musical meaning is shaped by learned associations, genre, performance style and the listener’s cultural position. For use three analytical passes, make one controlled comparison and write down the audible difference, the intended audience inference and the exact operation a collaborator should rehearse. Chapter 08 · Music, Scripts and Live Cues
Study strategy

How to prepare for the assessments

Use a repeating evidence-to-operation cycle: listen and describe, compare alternatives, choose one relation, document the decision, and test it in rehearsal. Keep source recordings and edits organised, save versions, and practise explaining how each audible feature supports the performance concept.

Study MUSI10223 with AI

Your AI Arts tutor for MUSI10223

Stuck on a hard MUSI10223 question? Sia is AskSia’s AI Arts and Humanities tutor — ask any MUSI10223 Sound in Performance question and get a clear, step-by-step explanation grounded in how the course is actually taught and assessed. Read this whole study guide free, then take your hardest questions to Sia.

A+Everything unlocked
Unlocks this Bible + all 177 of your University of Melbourne subjects - and 1,000+ Bibles across every Australian university.
Sia - your MUSI10223 tutor, unlimited, worked the way the exam marks it
The full 109-page Bible + practice bank with worked solutions
Chrome extension - sync your LMS so Sia knows your deadlines
Bilingual EN / Chinese on every Bible and every Sia answer
$0.99 Trial
30-day money-back · cancel in one tap · how it works